Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
240
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-84-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
9-1
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
Steineiche
Schwarze Birke
In French
chêne vert
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
encina
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
azinheira
Bétula Preto
In Polish
dąb skalny
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
ilice
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Fagales
Family
Fagaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Quercus
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
1740
1
27800
👆🏻