Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Northern Africa
-
Types
Quercus ilex, Quercus rotundifolia
-
Number of Varieties
212
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Mediterranean region
All sorts of environments
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-87-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-2
9-6
Sunset Zone
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Twisted/Contorted
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm460.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm240.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Yellow green
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown, Chocolate
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong or Lanceolate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Slow
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Spring, Late Spring, Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Budding, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Cut leaves after fall, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
fertilize in fall, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Moth
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Fungal Diseases, Rats, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Shade areas
Dry soil, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shallow soil
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Birds
Allergy
-
allergic conjunctivitis, Itchy eyes, Respiratory problems
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Cottage Garden
Beautification, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
Beautiful Skin, Good for the Scalp, Moisturizing, Remove blemishes
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Food for animals, Insect Repellent, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Digestive, Skin irritation
Acne, Dysentry, Nutritive, osteoporosis
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Wood
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Charcoal, Used as firewood, Used for its medicinal properties, Wood is used fore making tools
Animal Feed, Application in Handicrafts, Biomass for fuel, Oil is used for aromatherapy
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Feature Plant, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
QUERCUS ilex
Arbutus menziesii
Common Name
Evergreen Oak, Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Arbutus
In Hindi
होल्म ओक
सदाबहार
In German
Steineiche
Erdbeerbaum
In French
chêne vert
arbousier
In Spanish
encina
Arbitus
In Greek
πρινόδενδρο
κουμαριά
In Portuguese
azinheira
árbuto
In Polish
dąb skalny
mącznik
In Latin
ilice
arbutus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
-
Order
Fagales
Ericales
Family
Fagaceae
Ericaceae
Genus
Quercus
Arbutus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Arbutoideae
Number of Species
178
1
27800
👆🏻