Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Herbaceous Perennial, Perennial
Origin
Europe, Morocco, Western Asia
United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
Types
-
Oenothera macrocarpa, Oenothera missouriensis
Number of Varieties
70020
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Boggy areas, Dry and Young forest Heaths, Mountain Slopes, Temperate Regions
Bluffs, limestone outcrops, Prairies, Rocky areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-85-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-5
8-3
Sunset Zone
A1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Spreading
Plant Size
Minimum Height
10.20 cm15.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm35.60 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Red, Pink
Yellow, Lemon yellow, Gold
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Light Green, Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Gray Green, Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Needle like
Lance shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall, Fall
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in early summer, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Ammonium Nitrate
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Armillaria mellea, Chlorosis, Crown rot, Powdery mildew, Root rot, Rust, Verticillium Wilt
Leaf spot, Root rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Dry soil, Shade areas, Wet Site
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single, Double, Semi-Double
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bees, Butterflies, Moths
Bugs, Butterflies, Flies, Flying insects, Insects
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Bouquets, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used as an interior landscaping species, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Beauty Benefits
Skin inflammation
Glowing Skin, Improve skin condition, Making cosmetics, used as a dye
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for animals, Food for insects
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Arthritis, Bladder Infection, Colic, Diarrhea, Gout, Inflammation, Kidney Stones, Rheumatism, Stomach pain, Urinary tract problems
Arthritis, cholesterol-lowering, Diarrhea, Eczema, Inflammation, lowering blood pressure
Part of Plant Used
Flowers
Whole plant
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Food for animals, Used for its medicinal properties
Making Perfumes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Cutflower, Edging, Foundation, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
CALLUNA vulgaris
OENOTHERA macrocarpa
Common Name
Heather, Common heather, Ling
Bigfruit evening Primrose,Ozark sundrop,Missouri evening primrose
In Hindi
हीथ
Missouri primrose
In German
Heidekraut
Missouri Primel
In French
bruyère
Oenothera macrocarpa
In Spanish
brezo
prímula Missouri
In Greek
ερείκη
Missouri primrose
In Portuguese
urze
Missouri Primrose
In Polish
wrzos
Wiesiołek ozdobny
In Latin
Heather
Primrose Missouri
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ericales
Myrtales
Family
Ericaceae
Onagraceae
Genus
Calluna
Oenothera
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Ericeae
Onagreae
Subfamily
Ericoideae
Onagroideae
Number of Species
860145
1
27800
👆🏻