Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Shrub
Origin
North America, Canada
United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States
Types
Celtis africana, Celtis australis, Celtis bungeana
-
Number of Varieties
7010
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
bottomlands, limestone outcrops
Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-96-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
10-6
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Spreading
Thicket/Colonizing
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm300.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,220.00 cm300.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Green
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Purple
Bronze, Sandy Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Yellow
-
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Toothed
Oblanceolate to oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Heat Tolerance, Salt, Shade areas
Wet Site
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs 2-3 times watering per week
Average Water Needs, Needs Very high moisture
In Summer
Average Water
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove tight V-branching crotches
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply 10-10-10 amount, organic fertlizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Black sooty mold, Fungal Diseases, Powdery mildew, Red blotch, woolly aphid
-
Plant Tolerance
Shade areas
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Insects
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Borders
Beauty Benefits
Slow downs aging
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Food for animals, Food for birds
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Colic, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Menstrual Disorders, Sore throat
Astringent, Styptic
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Pulp, Seeds, Wood
Bark, Flowers, Wood
Other Uses
Food for animals, Used as a nutritious food item
Used for woodware
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Foundation, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
CELTIS occidentalis
CYRILLA racemiflora
Common Name
Common Hackberry, Hackberry
Leatherwood, Ironwood, Myrtle
In Hindi
HACKBERRY
Leatherwood
In German
Hackberry
Leather
In French
micocoulier
Leatherwood
In Spanish
almez
Leatherwood
In Greek
hackberry
Leatherwood
In Portuguese
hackberry
Leatherwood
In Polish
hackberry
Leatherwood
In Latin
Hackberry
Leatherwood
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Urticales
Ericales
Family
Ulmaceae
Cyrillaceae
Genus
Celtis
Cyrilla
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
705
1
27800
👆🏻