Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial
Tree
Origin
Africa, Kenya, South Africa
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Freesia
-
Number of Varieties
153
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, Homesteads, Tropical regions, Wet forest
bottomlands, Depression on prairies, ditches, Floodplains, Riverbanks, stream banks, Swamps
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-104-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
9-1
Sunset Zone
-
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
50.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
40.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Oval with a pointed tip and fine teeth along their edges
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
From bulbs
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
High
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Needs a lot of moisture in the growing season, Stop watering completely once the plant becomes dormant
Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand, Well drained
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Shade, Indirect sunlight, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut away fading foliage, Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
Prune in the late winter or spring, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Shape and thin as needed
Fertilizers
20-20-20 amount, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize in early spring, Potash
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, No need to fertilize every year
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free
Aphids, Red blotch, Sawfly Larvae
Plant Tolerance
Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
Asthma
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Ground Cover, Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Hair Conditioner, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Erosion control, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Bulbs, Flowers
Whole plant
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used for fragrance
used for making roof trusses, poles, joists, piles, Used in construction, Used in Furniture
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Flower borders, Screening
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Freesia refracta
BETULA nigra
Common Name
Freesia
River Birch
In Hindi
Freesia
River Birch
In German
Freesie
Fluss Birch
In French
Freesia
Birch river
In Spanish
fresia
river Birch
In Greek
freesia
ποταμός Birch
In Portuguese
freesia
river Birch
In Polish
frezja
Rzeka Birch
In Latin
Freesia
Betula
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asparagales
Fagales
Family
Iridaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Freesia
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Ixioideae
-
Number of Species
163
1
27800
👆🏻