Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbaceous Perennial
Perennial
Origin
Africa, Kenya, South Africa
Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Southwestern United States, Texas, Canada, Mexico
Types
Freesia
Ratibida columnifera
Number of Varieties
1525
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
gardens, Grassland, Homesteads, Tropical regions, Wet forest
Dry areas, Prairies, Rocky areas, rocky outcrops
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-103-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
10-1
Sunset Zone
-
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
50.00 cm30.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
40.00 cm30.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Yellow, Purple, Burgundy, Light Green, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Light Green, Gray Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Subulate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring
Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
From bulbs
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
High
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Needs a lot of moisture in the growing season, Stop watering completely once the plant becomes dormant
Average Water Needs, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand, Well drained
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Shade, Indirect sunlight, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Cut away fading foliage, Remove deadheads, Requires very little pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Pinch Tips, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
20-20-20 amount, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Fertilize in early spring, Potash
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Pests and diseases free
Pests and diseases free, Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Salt and Soil Compaction, Shade areas
Drought, Dry Conditions, Dry soil, Full Sun
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
Rhinitis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Ground Cover, Showy Purposes
Borders
Beauty Benefits
Hair Conditioner, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Analgesic
Part of Plant Used
Bulbs, Flowers
Flowers
Other Uses
Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used for fragrance
Can be made into a herbal tea, Used in making tea
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Flower borders, Screening
Container, Cutflower, Mixed Border, Wildflower
Botanical Name
Freesia refracta
RATIBIDA columnifera
Common Name
Freesia
Mexican Hat
In Hindi
Freesia
Mexican Hat
In German
Freesie
Mexican Hat
In French
Freesia
Mexican Hat
In Spanish
fresia
mexican Hat
In Greek
freesia
Mexican Hat
In Portuguese
freesia
Mexican Hat
In Polish
frezja
Mexican Hat
In Latin
Freesia
Mexicanus Hat
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asparagales
Asterales
Family
Iridaceae
Asteraceae
Genus
Freesia
Ratibida
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Ixioideae
-
Number of Species
1614
1
27800
👆🏻