Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
  
Perennial
  
Origin
Europe, Russia/Siberia, Western Asia
  
Europe, Russia
  
Types
not available
  
Not Available
  
Habitat
Alpine Meadows, Mediterranean region, Rock outcrops, Slopes, Woodlands
  
Roadsides, sand dunes, Waste areas
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-8
  
4-7
  
AHS Heat Zone
Not Available
  
7-1
  
Sunset Zone
1 - 7,15 - 17
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Pyramidal
  
Rosette/Stemless
  
Plant Size
  
  
Minimum Height
1,000.00 cm
  
40
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Not Available
  
Light Yellow
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Not Available
  
Tan
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Blue Green, Gray Green
  
Light Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Needle like
  
Oblong
  
Thorns
Yes
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Summer
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Slow
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Late Summer, Spring
  
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Container, Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
  
Divison, Seedlings, Stem Planting
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Low
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
  
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water more in summer
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Prune once the plant is tall enough, Prune to stimulate growth
  
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize in growing season
  
Pests and Diseases
Adelgids, Bark beetles, Blister Rust, Canker, Sawfly Larvae, Spruce spider mite, White pine weevil
  
Slugs, Snails
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Variety of soil types
  
Flowers
None
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
Yes
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Fine
  
Foliage Sheen
Not Available
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Birds, Insects
  
Insects
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Skin irritation
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Decorating walls, Ground Cover, Landscape Designing, Mixed Border, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc., Used for making hedges
  
Beautification, Borders, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Good for skin, Making cosmetics, Stops hair loss
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification, Food for insects, Versatility
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Not Available
  
Eczema
  
Part of Plant Used
Not Available
  
Root
  
Other Uses
Application in Furniture, Condiment, Food for animals, Paper pulp, Showy Purposes, Used as Christmas Tree, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties, Used for Landscaping
  
Decoration Purposes, Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
Yes
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
  
Edging, Feature Plant, Groundcover, Mixed Border
  
Botanical Name
Pinus balfouriana
  
Primula elatior
  
Common Name
Foxtail pine
  
Oxlip, true oxlip
  
In Hindi
foxtail pine
  
Oxlip
  
In German
foxtail Kiefer
  
Hohe Schlüsselblume
  
In French
sétaire pin
  
La Primevère élevée ou Primevère des bois
  
In Spanish
pino de cola de zorra
  
Primula elatior
  
In Greek
αλωπέκουρου πεύκο
  
δακράκι
  
In Portuguese
pinho foxtail
  
Oxlip
  
In Polish
włośnica sosny
  
Oxlip
  
In Latin
panicum pinus
  
Oxlip
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Coniferophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Pinopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Pinales
  
Myrtales
  
Family
Pinaceae
  
Onagraceae
  
Genus
Pinus
  
Oenothera
  
Clade
Not Available
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Pineae
  
Onagreae
  
Subfamily
Pinoideae
  
Onagroideae