Life Span
Annual and Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Herbs
  
Broadleaf Evergreen
  
Origin
Southern Europe, Mediterranean
  
Europe, Russia
  
Types
Not Available
  
Symphytum officinale (common comfrey), Symphytum asperum (rough comfrey)
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Roadsides, wastelands
  
Cold Regions, stream banks
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-9
  
6-11
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
  
Not Available
  
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
21,22
  
Habit
Upright/Erect
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Yellow
  
White, Light Pink
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Brown
  
Not Available, Orange Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
  
Red, Green, Copper
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
  
Green, Blue Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green
  
Green, Blue Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Red, Dark Green, Burgundy, Bronze
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Compound
  
Oval
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Summer, Late Summer
  
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Container, Ground
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
  
Root Division, Transplanting
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Low
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
  
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Water daily during growing season
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
  
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Use to half the strength of the fertilizer
  
14-14-14 Fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, can go long without fertilizers
  
Pests and Diseases
Caterpillars, Cutworms, Slugs
  
Aphids, Stem spot
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Shallow soil, Sun
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Fine
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Glossy
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Caterpillar
  
Ants, Butterflies, pollinators
  
Allergy
no allergic reactions
  
Antibacterial, Peripheral Edema
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Acne, Beautiful Skin, Reduce Bruises, Remove blemishes
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
No
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification, Fixes Nitrogen
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Digestion problems, Gastrointestinal disorders
  
Asthma, Diarrhea, Obesity, Osteoarthritis
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
  
Leaves, Twigs
  
Other Uses
Can be made into a herbal tea, Culinary use, Used as a spice
  
Used for its medicinal properties
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
  
Container, Feature Plant, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Mixed Border, Tropical
  
Botanical Name
FOENICULUM vulgare
  
Symphytum asperum
  
Common Name
Common Fennel, Fennel
  
Comfrey,Black Root, Blackwort, Bruisewort
  
In Hindi
सौंफ़
  
Blackwort
  
In German
Fenchel
  
Blackwort
  
In French
Fenouil
  
Blackwort
  
In Spanish
Hinojo
  
Blackwort
  
In Greek
Μάραθο
  
Blackwort
  
In Portuguese
Funcho
  
Blackwort
  
In Polish
Koper włoski
  
Blackwort
  
In Latin
faeniculi
  
Blackwort
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Anthophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Apiales
  
Lamiales
  
Family
Apiaceae
  
Boraginaceae
  
Genus
Foeniculum
  
Symphytum
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Apioideae
  
Boraginoideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available
  
Not Available