1 What is
1.1 Life Span
1.2 Type
1.3 Origin
Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Turkey
Southern Europe
1.4 Types
Not Available
not available
1.4.1 Number of Varieties
1.5 Habitat
Hedge, Woodland Garden Canopy
Temperate Regions
1.6 USDA Hardiness Zone
1.7 AHS Heat Zone
1.8 Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1.9 Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
2 Information
2.1 Plant Size
2.1.1 Minimum Height
2.1.2 Minimum Width
2.2 Plant Color
2.2.1 Flower Color
Yellow, Green
Yellow, Gray
2.2.2 Flower Color Modifier
2.2.3 Fruit Color
Yellow, Green, Brown
Non Fruiting Plant
2.2.4 Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Gray Green
2.2.5 Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
Gray Green
2.2.6 Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Yellow green, Orange Red
Gray Green
2.2.7 Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
Not Available
2.3 Shape
2.3.1 Leaf Shape
Ovate and toothed
Long hair-like leaves
2.4 Thorns
3 Season
3.1 Plant Season
Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall
3.2 Growing Conditions
3.2.1 Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
3.2.2 Growth Rate
3.2.3 Type of Soil
3.2.4 The pH of Soil
3.2.5 Soil Drainage
3.2.6 Bloom Time
3.2.7 Repeat Bloomer
3.3 Tolerances
Pollution, Drought
Not Available
4 Care
4.1 Where to Plant?
4.2 How to Plant?
Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
4.3 Plant Maintenance
4.4 Watering Plants
4.4.1 Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs, Keep the Soil well drained
4.4.2 In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
4.4.3 In Spring
4.4.4 In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
4.5 Soil
4.5.1 Soil pH
4.5.2 Soil Type
4.5.3 Soil Drainage Capacity
4.6 Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun
4.7 Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Cut back old stems to the ground, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
4.8 Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Complete balanced fertilizer
4.9 Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Coral Spot, Powdery mildew
Free of serious pests and diseases
4.10 Plant Tolerance
5 Facts
5.1 Flowers
Insignificant
Insignificant
5.1.1 Flower Petal Number
Not Available
Not Available
5.2 Fruits
5.2.1 Showy Fruit
5.2.2 Edible Fruit
5.3 Fragrance
5.3.1 Fragrant Flower
5.3.2 Fragrant Fruit
5.3.3 Fragrant Leaf
5.3.4 Fragrant Bark/Stem
5.4 Showy Foliage
5.5 Showy Bark
5.6 Foliage Texture
5.7 Foliage Sheen
5.8 Evergreen
5.9 Invasive
5.10 Self-Sowing
5.11 Attracts
Caterpillar, Not Available
Not Available
5.12 Allergy
6 Benefits
6.1 Uses
6.1.1 Aesthetic Uses
Bonsai
Farmland, small hedge, Wild gardens
6.1.2 Beauty Benefits
Not Available
Not Available
6.1.3 Edible Uses
6.1.4 Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
6.2 Plant Benefits
6.2.1 Medicinal Uses
Bach, Haemostatic, Ophthalmic
Antiseptic, Digestive, Liver problems, Skin Disorders, Tonic
6.2.2 Part of Plant Used
Bark, Leaves, Wood
Branch, Fibres, Flower Stalk, Gum, Leaves, Twigs
6.2.3 Other Uses
Used as fuel, Used to make yellow dye
Oil is used in mosquito repellents, Used for fragrance, Used to make hair tonic
6.3 Used As Indoor Plant
6.4 Used As Outdoor Plant
6.5 Garden Design
Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Herb, Vegetable, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
7 Scientific Name
7.1 Botanical Name
CARPINUS betulus
ARTEMISIA abrotanum
7.2 Common Name
European Hornbeam
lad's love , southern wormwood , old man , boy's love , appleringie , sitherwood
7.2.1 In Hindi
European Hornbeam
southernwood
7.2.2 In German
7.2.3 In French
Hornbeam européenne
aurone ou citronnelle
7.2.4 In Spanish
Europeo carpe
Artemisia abrotanum
7.2.5 In Greek
Ευρωπαϊκή Γαύρος
Artemisia abrotanum
7.2.6 In Portuguese
Carpino Europeia
Abrótano
7.2.7 In Polish
Europejski Grab
Bylica boże drzewko
7.2.8 In Latin
Carpinus betulus
Southernwood
8 Classification
8.1 Kingdom
8.2 Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
8.3 Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
8.4 Order
8.5 Family
8.6 Genus
8.7 Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
8.8 Tribe
8.9 Subfamily
8.10 Number of Species