Life Span
Perennial
Biennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
North America
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Types
Water elm
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Number of Varieties
3540
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Floodplains, Hillside, stream banks, Swamps, Upland
Hills, Moist Soils
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-94-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,830.00 cm2,133.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
910.00 cm762.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Green
Yellow, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Tan
Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Yellow
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblique base
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Cold climate, Drought, Pollution, Salt
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Rooted stem cutting, Seedlings, Stem Planting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
In Summer
Ample Water
Lots of watering
In Spring
Average Water
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove dead branches, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Fertilizers
Fertilize every year, fertilize in growing season, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Pests and Diseases
Bark beetles, Beetles, Borers, Mites, Moth, Red blotch, Scale
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Cold climate, Drought, Salt
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Allergy
allergic reaction, Asthma
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Landscape Designing
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Absorbs huge amounts of CO2, Air purification, Food for birds, Forms dense stands, Nesting sites for birds, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antispasmodic, Astringent
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Stem, Tree trunks, Wood
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Other Uses
Used as firewood, Used for woodware, Used in biomass, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in paper industry, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used for ship building, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
ULMUS americana
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
Common Name
American Elm
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
In Hindi
अमेरिकी एल्म
काले बर्च वृक्ष
In German
amerikanische Ulme
Schwarze Birke
In French
orme d'Amérique
Noir Bouleau
In Spanish
olmo americano
Negro del árbol de abedul
In Greek
American Elm
Μαύρο Birch Tree
In Portuguese
olmo americano
Bétula Preto
In Polish
Amerykański wiązu
Czarny Brzoza
In Latin
Latin ulmo
Niger Caerulus
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Fagales
Family
Ulmaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Ulmus
Betula
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
4040
1
27800
👆🏻