Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Flowering Plants
Origin
Australia, South America
America, Europe
Types
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Clump verbena, Moss verbena, Annual Verbena, Brazilian verbena, Sandpaper Verbana
Number of Varieties
050
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
Forest edges, Hillside, Woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-83-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
-
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Upright/Erect
-
Plant Size
Minimum Height
9.00 cm6.56 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
8.00 cm10.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Blue, Dark Purple, Light Purple, Red, White
Flower Color Modifier
-
-
Fruit Color
Purple, Red
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Dark Green, Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow green
Dark Green, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Oblovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Early Spring
Early Spring, Late Autumn
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Well drained
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Early Fall, Early Summer, Fall, Late Spring, Late Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
Do not water frequently, Medium, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune regularly, Prune to control growth
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
-
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
-
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
-
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Butterflies
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
Arthritis, Asthma, Chest Pain, Itchiness, Whooping Cough
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Arthritis, Gallbladder Diseases, Itching, Jaundice, Joint pain, Kidney problems, Liver problems, Metabolic disorders, Sore throat, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits
Flowers, Root
Other Uses
-
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Economic Purpose, Employed in herbal medicine, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for flavoring in Liquors, dairy products, gelatins,puddings, meats, candies, etc., Used for fragrance
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Bedding Plant, Bonsai, Container, Edible, Herb
Botanical Name
Sambucus nigra
Purpletop Vervain
Common Name
Elderberry
Verbena
In Hindi
Elderberry
verbena
In German
Holunderbeere
Eisenkraut
In French
Sureau
verveine
In Spanish
Saúco
Verbena
In Greek
Elderberry
λουίζα
In Portuguese
Sabugueiro
verbena
In Polish
Bez czarny
werbena
In Latin
Elderberry
Grindelia
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Lamiales
Family
Adoxaceae
Verbenaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Verbena
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
30250
1
27800
👆🏻