Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
Tree
Origin
Australia, South America
Canada, Mid-Atlantic United States, North America, North-Central United States, Southeastern United States
Types
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
Purple Glory dogwood, Cherokee Chief dogwood, Cherokee Daybreak dogwood
Number of Varieties
04
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
foothill woods, gardens, Near ponds, Wet Woods, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-85-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Upright/Erect
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
9.00 cm550.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
8.00 cm490.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White, Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Purple, Red
Purple, Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow green
Burgundy
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Early Spring
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
Bright direct sunlight, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Slightly Acidic
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Pollution
Cold climate, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
Loam, Moist, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune once the plant is tall enough
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Fertilize in early spring, Mulch
Pests and Diseases
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
Crown rot, Leaf spot, Red blotch, Whiteflies
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Humidity, Light Frost
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Squirrels
Allergy
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
allergic conjunctivitis, Headache, Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
For treating wrinkles, Makes teeth white, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Forms dense stands, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
Antibiotic, Appetite enhancer, Cough, Diuretic, Emollient, Weight loss
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits
Bark, Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
-
Application in Handicrafts, Decoration Purposes, Grown for shade, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Edging, Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Sambucus nigra
Cornus florida
Common Name
Elderberry
Flowering dogwood
In Hindi
Elderberry
flowering dogwood
In German
Holunderbeere
Wechselblättriger Hartriegel
In French
Sureau
Cornus florida
In Spanish
Saúco
Cornus florida
In Greek
Elderberry
Cornus florida
In Portuguese
Sabugueiro
Cornus florida
In Polish
Bez czarny
Cornus florida
In Latin
Elderberry
Cornus florida
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Dipsacales
Cornales
Family
Adoxaceae
Cornaceae
Genus
Sambucus
Cornus
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
3060
1
27800
👆🏻