Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Flowering Plants
Origin
Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
Asia, Europe
Types
Eastern juniper, Souther juniper
American Lily of the Valley, European Lily of the Valley, Japanese Lily of the valley.
Habitat
Lower slopes, Open Plains, Prairies, Woodlands, Woods
Banks, Broad-Leaved Forests, coppices, Dry and Young forest Heaths, Forest margins, Ridges, Rocky Ridges
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-7
4-8
Sunset Zone
A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Pyramidal
Mat-forming
Flower Color
Light Red, Sky Blue, Yellow Brown
Pink, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Not Available
Fruit Color
Light Blue
Not Available
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green, Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green, Bronze
Not Available
Leaf Shape
Irregular
Bell Shaped
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Fall, Spring, Summer
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Part sun, Partial shade
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Moist, Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Not Available
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Late Spring, Spring
Tolerances
Drought, Dry soil, Heat Tolerance
Not Available
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
From Rhizomes, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Water twice a day in the initial period, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Average Water
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Moist, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Not Available
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Part sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Do not prune during shooting season, Prune after harvesting, Prune in late summer or fall, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
Compost
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Gall Insects, Red blotch, Rust, Sooty Mold
Anthracnose, Aureobasidium leaf spot, Foliar nematode, Leaf spot, Mealybugs, Rust, Southern blight
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Dry soil, Heat Tolerance
Drought
Flower Petal Number
Single
Not Available
Edible Fruit
No
Not Available
Fragrant Fruit
Yes
Not Available
Fragrant Leaf
Yes
Not Available
Fragrant Bark/Stem
Yes
No
Foliage Texture
Medium
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Not Available
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
Yes
Not Available
Allergy
Asthma, breathing problems
Headache, Nausea, Vomiting
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Bonsai, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin and hair
Not Available
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Indoor Air Purification, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Versatility, Very little waste, Wildlife
Air purification
Medicinal Uses
Cold, Cough
Chest pain, Swelling
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Flowers, Leaves, Root
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Air freshner, Cosmetics, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for fragrance
Used As Indoor Plant
Yes
Yes
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
Yes
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Bedding Plant, Bog Garden, Cutflower, Edging, Foundation, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
JUNIPERUS virginiana
Convallaria majalis
Common Name
Pencil cedar, Red Juniper
Lily of the Valley
In Hindi
पूर्वी लाल देवदार
कामुदिनी
In German
Eastern Red Cedar
Maiglöckchen
In French
Red Cedar Orient
Lily of the Valley
In Spanish
Cedro Rojo del Este
Lirio de los valles
In Greek
Ανατολική Red Cedar
Κρίνος της κοιλάδας
In Portuguese
Eastern Red Cedar
Lírio do Vale
In Polish
Eastern Red Cedar
Lilia doliny
In Latin
Eastern Red Cedar
Lílium convállium
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Asparagales
Family
Cupressaceae
Asparagaceae
Genus
Juniperus
Convallaria
Clade
Not Available
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
Mirini
Not Available
Subfamily
Cupressoideae
Nolinoideae
Number of Species
Not Available
Not Available