Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Perennial
  
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
  
Origin
Europe
  
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
  
Types
Pulmonaria Bubble Gum , Pulmonaria ‘Polar Splash’ , Pulmonaria ‘Moonshine’
  
Red pepper, Orange pepper
  
Habitat
Alpine Meadows
  
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-8
  
8-15
  
AHS Heat Zone
8-3
  
12 - 1
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
  
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
  
Clump-Forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Minimum Width
Not Available
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Red, Salmon, Coral
  
Lemon yellow
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Non Fruiting Plant
  
Red, Green, Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
  
Light Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
  
Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
  
Light Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Light Green, Dark Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
  
Circular cordate
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Medium
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Average
  
Bloom Time
Early Spring, Spring, Late Winter
  
Not Available
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought, Rocky Soil
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
  
Container, Ground
  
How to Plant?
Divison
  
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained
  
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Average
  
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost
  
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
  
Pests and Diseases
Pest Free, Powdery mildew
  
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Rocky Soil
  
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Not Available
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
Yes
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Hummingbirds
  
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
  
Allergy
Unknown
  
Oral Allergy
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Borders, Informal Hedge, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes, Woodland margins
  
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Acne, Blackheads
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
No Medicinal Use
  
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
  
Part of Plant Used
Not Available
  
Dried seeds
  
Other Uses
Unknown
  
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
  
Used As Indoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Edging, Groundcover, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
  
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
  
Botanical Name
PULMONARIA rubra 'David Ward'
  
Piper nigrum
  
Common Name
David Ward, Red Lungwort
  
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
  
In Hindi
david ward
  
काली मिर्च
  
In German
david ward
  
Pfeffer
  
In French
david ward
  
Piper nigrum
  
In Spanish
david ward
  
Poivrier noir
  
In Greek
david ward
  
μαύρο πιπέρι
  
In Portuguese
david ward
  
Pimenta-preta
  
In Polish
david ward
  
Pieprz czarny
  
In Latin
david ward
  
nigrum piperis
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Lamiales
  
Piperales
  
Family
Boraginaceae
  
Piperaceae
  
Genus
Pulmonaria
  
Piper
  
Clade
Not Available
  
Angiosperms, Monocots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available
  
Not Available