Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Shrub
Tree
Origin
Eastern Africa, Southern Africa
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Epigeal, Hypogeal
-
Number of Varieties
22
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Coastal sand dunes, Wild
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
10-154-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
-
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Red, Green, Orange
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Blue Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Reniform
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
reseeds, root cutting
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Keep the Soil well drained
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
Kidney Disease
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Formal Garden, Hanging Basket
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Beans
Whole plant
Other Uses
Basketary, Edible seed
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Houseplant, Mixed Border, Rock Garden, Wall
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
COTYLEDON
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Pig's ear, Dog's ear
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
बीजपत्र
Red Elderberry
In German
Cotyledon
Rote Holunder
In French
Cotyledon
Red sureau
In Spanish
Cotyledon
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
κοτυληδών kotylēdōn
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
Cotyledon
Red Elderberry
In Polish
Liścień
Red Elderberry
In Latin
Cotyledon
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
-
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Dipsacales
Family
Crassulaceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Cotyledon L.
Sambucus
Clade
Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
127
1
27800
👆🏻