Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Fruit
Tree
Origin
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Russia/Siberia, Southern Asia, Western Asia
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Not avaialable
-
Number of Varieties
12
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Hillside, Mountain Slopes, Temperate Regions
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-84-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
370.00 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
460.00 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Yellow, Red, Yellow green
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Light Yellow, Brown
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oblong
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Grafting, Seedlings, Transplanting
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Black rot, Leaf spot, Scab
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
Mouth itching, Throat itching
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, constipation, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Fever, Heart problems, Tooth ache
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Whole plant
Other Uses
Used As Food, Wood is used for making furniture
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Topiary / Bonsai / Espalier
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
MALUS domestica 'Cortland'
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Apple, Cortland Apple, Red Eating Apple
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
cortland apple
Red Elderberry
In German
Cortland Apfel
Rote Holunder
In French
Cortland (pomme)
Red sureau
In Spanish
manzana Cortland
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
Cortland μήλο
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
Cortland da maçã
Red Elderberry
In Polish
Cortland (jabłoń)
Red Elderberry
In Latin
cortland apple
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Rosales
Dipsacales
Family
Rosaceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Malus
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
507
1
27800
👆🏻