Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Sedge or Rush
  
Flowering Plants, Fruits, Herbs, Shrubs
  
Origin
World/Pandemic, North America, Europe, Russia/Siberia, Africa, Asia
  
Australia, South America
  
Types
not available
  
Adams Elderberry, Black Beauty Elderberry, Black Lace Elderberry, Johns Elderberry, Nova Elderberry
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
All sorts of environments, Banks, ditches, marshes, Shores of rivers or lakes
  
Farms, Homesteads, Near organic waste disposal
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
6-9
  
4-8
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-6
  
8-1
  
Sunset Zone
H1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Brown
  
White
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Non Fruiting Plant
  
Purple, Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
  
Yellow green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Tan, Sandy Brown
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Long hair-like leaves
  
Compound
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Early Spring
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Slightly Acidic
  
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
  
Average
  
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
  
Early Spring, Spring
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Pollution
  
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Divison, reseeds
  
Grafting, Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Does not require regular watering
  
Requires regular watering, Use Mulches to help prevent water loss during hot and windy weather
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Slightly Acidic
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy, Well drained
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
  
Average
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Pruning
Prune to control growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Cut or pinch the stems, No pruning needed in the early stages, Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune in winter, Prune ocassionally, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Free of serious pests and diseases
  
Canker, Leaf spot, Powdery mildew, Stem spot, Tomato Ringspot Virus
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Insignificant
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Fine
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Bumblebees, Flying insects
  
Birds
  
Allergy
Unknown
  
Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Informal Hedge, Woodland margins
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
No Medicinal Use
  
constipation, Fever, Heart problems, High cholestrol, HIV/AIDS, Nerve pain, swine flu
  
Part of Plant Used
Not Available
  
Flowers, Fruits
  
Other Uses
woven into the covering of tatami mats
  
Not Available
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Container, Mixed Border, Water Gardens
  
Not Available
  
Botanical Name
JUNCUS effusus f.Spiral
  
Sambucus nigra
  
Common Name
Curly wurly
  
Elderberry
  
In Hindi
Corkscrew Rush
  
Elderberry
  
In German
Corkscrew Rush
  
Holunderbeere
  
In French
Corkscrew Rush
  
Sureau
  
In Spanish
Corkscrew Rush
  
Saúco
  
In Greek
Corkscrew Rush
  
Elderberry
  
In Portuguese
Corkscrew Rush
  
Sabugueiro
  
In Polish
Corkscrew Rush
  
Bez czarny
  
In Latin
Corkscrew Rush
  
Elderberry
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Liliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Poales
  
Dipsacales
  
Family
Juncaceae
  
Adoxaceae
  
Genus
Juncus
  
Sambucus
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available