Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Shrub
  
Tree
  
Origin
Europe, Western Asia
  
Hybrid origin
  
Types
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Habitat
Floodplains, Open Forest
  
All sorts of environments
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-7
  
7-9
  
AHS Heat Zone
7-1
  
9-6
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
  
8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Oval or Rounded
  
Twisted/Contorted
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Yellow green
  
White
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Orange
  
Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Red, Yellow green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
  
Dark Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Ovate
  
Oval
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Fall
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Slow
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Late Spring
  
Spring, Late Spring, Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought, Salt
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Transplanting
  
Budding, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
  
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Average Water Needs
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Prune in late winter, Prune in spring, Remove dead leaves, Remove shoots
  
Cut leaves after fall, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Fungal Diseases, Rats, Red blotch
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Dry soil, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shallow soil
  
Flowers
Insignificant
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
Yes
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
Not Available
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
Yes
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Yes
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Birds
  
Birds
  
Allergy
Asthma
  
allergic conjunctivitis, Itchy eyes, Respiratory problems
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
  
Beautification, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Beautiful Skin, Good for the Scalp, Moisturizing, Remove blemishes
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Food for animals, Insect Repellent, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Not Available
  
Acne, Dysentry, Nutritive, osteoporosis
  
Part of Plant Used
Fruits, Seeds
  
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
  
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
  
Animal Feed, Application in Handicrafts, Biomass for fuel, Oil is used for aromatherapy
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
  
Feature Plant, Mixed Border
  
Botanical Name
EUONYMUS europaeus
  
Arbutus menziesii
  
Common Name
European spindle
  
Arbutus
  
In Hindi
आम धुरी
  
सदाबहार
  
In German
gemeinsamen Spindel
  
Erdbeerbaum
  
In French
axe commun
  
arbousier
  
In Spanish
husillo Común
  
Arbitus
  
In Greek
κοινή άξονα
  
κουμαριά
  
In Portuguese
eixo comum
  
árbuto
  
In Polish
wspólna wrzeciona
  
mącznik
  
In Latin
commune fusum
  
arbutus
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheobionta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Not Available
  
Order
Celastrales
  
Ericales
  
Family
Celastraceae
  
Ericaceae
  
Genus
Euonymus
  
Arbutus
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Applicable
  
Arbutoideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available