Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Cactus or Succulent
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
Northern Africa, South Africa
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
Xanthium strumarium canadense, Xanthium strumarium glabratum, Xanthium strumarium strumarium
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
37
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Clay soil areas, Farms, Roadsides
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99998-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-10
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
5.10 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.20 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Red, Burgundy
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Green
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Blue Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Blue Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Blue Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Green, Blue Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Egg-shaped
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Summer, Fall
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
Skin irritation
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Analgesic, Antibacterial, Antispasmodic, Diuretic
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
Dried seeds
Other Uses
Used for its medicinal properties
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Houseplant, Rock Garden, Wall
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
Xanthium strumarium
Piper nigrum
Common Name
Cocklebur
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
cocklebur
काली मिर्च
In German
Klette
Pfeffer
In French
cocklebur
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
cadillo
Poivrier noir
In Greek
ήρα
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
kokklevor
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
kokklevor
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
kokklevor
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Piperales
Family
Asclepiadaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Xanthium
Piper
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
Heliantheae
-
Subfamily
Asteroideae
-
Number of Species
2001100
1
27800
👆🏻