Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Shrub
Origin
Europe
Europe, Western Asia
Types
-
Euonymus fortunei, Euonymus alatus, Euonymus europaeus
Number of Varieties
520
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
Dappled Shade, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-104-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
7-1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16
Habit
Upright/Erect
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.70 cm900.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Yellow green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
Pink, Purple, Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
Red
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Lanceolate to elliptical
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
organic fertlizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
Powdery mildew, Vine weevils
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
Birds
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
Mild Allergen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
Alterative, Laxative, Purgative, Tonic
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
Bark, Seeds, Wood
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
Edible yellow dye is obtained, Used as essential oil, Yields a volatile oil that is used in soap making
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
Hedges, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
EUONYMUS europaeus 'Aldenhamensis'
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
Spindle Tree, Common Spindle, European Spindle
In Hindi
choy sum
Spindle Tree
In German
choy sum
Spindelbaum
In French
choy sum
Spindle Arbre
In Spanish
choy sum
Árbol del husillo
In Greek
choy sum
ατράκτου Δέντρο
In Portuguese
choy sum
Árvore spindle
In Polish
choy sum
Wrzeciono Drzewo
In Latin
choy sum
Ligno colos
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Capparales
Celastrales
Family
Brassicaceae
Celastraceae
Genus
Brassica
Euonymus
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Euonymeae
Subfamily
-
Celastroideae
Number of Species
18150
1
27800
👆🏻