Life Span
Annual
Perennial
Type
Vegetable
Flowering Plants, Herbs
Origin
Europe
Southwestern United States, Mexico
Types
-
-
Number of Varieties
556
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
agricultural areas, Moist Soils
Mountains, Upland
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-104-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-3
9-2
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
Habit
Upright/Erect
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm60.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.70 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow
Red, Rose, Crimson
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Sienna, Black
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
White, Green, Dark Green
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Long Linear
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
From bulbs
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Do not water the foliage, Keep the Soil well drained
Do Not over Water, Requires a lot of watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves
Fertilizers
8-8-8, since leafy plants, use higher nitrogen content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Cabbage looper, Downy mildew, Fusarium leaf spot, Rust
Leaf spot, Root rot
Plant Tolerance
Full Sun, Humidity, Shallow soil
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Caterpillar, Mites
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Allergy
Diarrhea, Dizziness, Nausea
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Anti-ageing, Hair Conditioner, Skin cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Food for animals
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Aging, Anti-oxidant, Digestion problems, Eliminate toxins, Nutritive, Obesity, Rich in Potassium
Broken Bones, Burns, Sore throat, Stomach aliments, Urine infections
Part of Plant Used
Leaf Stalks, Leaves
Whole plant
Other Uses
Culinary use, Sauces, Used to promote healthy blood flow during menstruation
Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Wildflower
Cutflower, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Botanical Name
BRASSICA rapa( Chinensis Group)
PENSTEMON barbatus
Common Name
Bok Choy, Chinese Cabbage, Choy Sum, Pak Choi
Beardlip Penstemon, Scarlet Beardtongue
In Hindi
choy sum
Beardlip Penstemon
In German
choy sum
Beardlip Penstemon
In French
choy sum
penstemon beardlip
In Spanish
choy sum
penstemon beardlip
In Greek
choy sum
beardlip penstemon
In Portuguese
choy sum
penstemon beardlip
In Polish
choy sum
beardlip penstemon
In Latin
choy sum
Birdlip penstemon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Capparales
Lamiales
Family
Brassicaceae
Scrophulariaceae
Genus
Brassica
Penstemon
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Dicotyledonous, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
1840
1
27800
👆🏻