Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, South-Central United States
California
Types
Castanea pumila
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
83
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Hillside, Ridges
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-98-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-5
-
Sunset Zone
-
21,22
Habit
Upright/Erect
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
150.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Yellow, Ivory
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Light Green, Chartreuse
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Gray Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Gray Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Gold, Tan
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Elliptic
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Requires watering in the growing season, Water once every two or three weeks
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Prune in early spring, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Coarse
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds, Deers, Rabbits, Squirrels
Birds
Allergy
-
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Headache, Treating fever
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used in biomass, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood log is used in making fences
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Feature Plant, Fruit / Fruit Tree, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
CASTANEA pumila
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Chinquapin
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
बौना शाहबलूत
Toyon
In German
Zwergkastanien
Toyon
In French
châtaignier nain
Toyon
In Spanish
el castaño enano
Toyon
In Greek
νάνος καστανιάς
Toyon
In Portuguese
νάνος καστανιάς
Toyon
In Polish
krasnolud kasztan
Toyon
In Latin
P. castaneis
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Anthophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Rosales
Family
Fagaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Castanea
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
Cherokee
Maleae
Subfamily
Cassidinae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
66
1
27800
👆🏻