Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
  
Shrub
  
Origin
Mediterranean
  
Mexico
  
Types
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
  
Pink cestrum, Red cestrum, Purple cestrum
  
Habitat
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
  
gardens, High elevation, Roadsides
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-9
  
9-15
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
  
12-10
  
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
H1, H2, 13, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Arching/Fountain-shaped
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Blue
  
Magenta, Crimson, Violet
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Applicable
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Brown
  
Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green, Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Green
  
Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oblong
  
Ovate
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Summer
  
Summer, Fall
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Medium
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loamy, Sandy
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Summer
  
Early Spring, Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Not Available
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
  
Average Water Needs
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Loamy, Sandy
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
  
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
  
Red blotch
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Not Available
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Sometimes
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
No
  
Attracts
Butterflies
  
Birds, Hummingbirds, Butterflies
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Bonsai, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
No
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
  
Not Available
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root
  
Flowers, Fruits, Seeds
  
Other Uses
Used as an ingredient in coffee
  
Showy Purposes
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Not Available
  
Cutflower, Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Tropical
  
Botanical Name
Cichorium intybus
  
CESTRUM elegans
  
Common Name
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
  
Crimson cestrum, Elegant poison-berry, Purple cestrum, Red cestrum
  
In Hindi
कासनी
  
Butterfly Flower plant
  
In German
Chicoree
  
Schmetterlings-Blumen- Anlage
  
In French
chicorée
  
usine de fleur de papillon
  
In Spanish
achicoria
  
planta de la flor de mariposa
  
In Greek
ραδίκι
  
φυτό Πεταλούδα λουλούδι
  
In Portuguese
chicória
  
planta de flor de borboleta
  
In Polish
cykoria
  
Motyl Kwiat roślin
  
In Latin
pancratium
  
Flos plantae Gloria
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Asterales
  
Solanales
  
Family
Asteraceae
  
Solanaceae
  
Genus
Cichorium
  
Cestrum
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Cichorieae
  
Cestreae
  
Subfamily
Cichorioideae
  
Browallioideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available