Life Span
Annual
  
Perennial
  
Type
Shrub
  
Aquatics
  
Origin
Southern Africa
  
Eastern Europe, Western Asia
  
Types
Carissa bispinosa, Carissa carandas
  
Common Cattail, Southern Cattail, Dwarf Bulrush
  
Habitat
Coastal Regions, Tropical regions
  
Lake margins, Ponds, Swamps
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-11
  
3-11
  
AHS Heat Zone
12-9
  
12-1
  
Sunset Zone
H2, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
21,22
  
Habit
Cushion/Mound-forming
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
White
  
Yellow, Green, Brown, Chocolate
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Light Red
  
Light brown, Light Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
  
Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
  
Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
  
Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
  
Brown
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Elliptic and Ovate
  
Long linear and narrow
  
Thorns
Yes
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Slow
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Poorly Drained
  
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
  
Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
No
  
Tolerances
Shade areas
  
Wet Site
  
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
  
Container, In Water
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
  
Runners
  
Plant Maintenance
Low
  
Low
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Water daily during growing season, Water when top layer of soil becomes dry
  
Plant grows in water
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Aquatic Plant
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Aquatic Plant
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Aquatic Plant
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Poorly Drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune to control growth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
Prune in early spring, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
fertilize in growing season, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium
  
Nitrogen, Phosphate
  
Pests and Diseases
Insects, Red blotch, Scale, Spider mites, Thripes, Whiteflies
  
Red blotch
  
Plant Tolerance
Shade areas
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Birds
  
Birds, Flying insects
  
Allergy
Toxic
  
no allergic reactions
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Bonsai, Cottage Garden, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
  
Beautification, Showy Purposes, Water gardening
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Food for insects, Prevent Soil Erosion
  
Food for animals, Food for birds, Food for insects, Nesting sites for birds
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
No Medicinal Use
  
Nutrients
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits
  
Leaves
  
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
  
Decoration Purposes, Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
  
Used As Indoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Container, Edging, Edible, Foundation, Groundcover, Hedges, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier, Tropical
  
Bog Garden, Container, Water Gardens
  
Botanical Name
CARISSA macrocarpa
  
TYPHA minima
  
Common Name
Carissia
  
Dwarf Cattail
  
In Hindi
Carissa
  
बौना कैटेल
  
In German
carissa
  
Dwarf Rohrkolben
  
In French
carissa
  
Cattail nain
  
In Spanish
carissa
  
Espadaña enano
  
In Greek
carissa
  
Νάνος Cattail
  
In Portuguese
carissa
  
Tifa Dwarf
  
In Polish
carissa
  
Dwarf Ożypałka
  
In Latin
carissa
  
Pumilio Cattail
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Tracheophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Liliopsida
  
Order
Gentianales
  
Poales
  
Family
Apocynaceae
  
Typhaceae
  
Genus
Carissa
  
Typha
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
  
Tribe
Carisseae
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Rauvolfioideae
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available