Life Span
Annual
Annual
Type
Perennial
Flowering Plants
Origin
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
America, Europe
Types
Herbaceous perennial
Clump verbena, Moss verbena, Annual Verbena, Brazilian verbena, Sandpaper Verbana
Number of Varieties
4050
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Lakes, Pastures, Prairies, Roadsides, Swamps, Woodlands
Forest edges, Hillside, Woods
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-93-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
-
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
-
Plant Size
Minimum Height
61.00 cm6.56 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm10.50 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Red, Crimson, Dark Red
Blue, Dark Purple, Light Purple, Red, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green, Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Purple, Dark Green, Burgundy
Dark Green, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
Oblovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer
Early Spring, Late Autumn
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam
Well drained
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Early Fall, Early Summer, Fall, Late Spring, Late Summer, Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Divison, Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Planting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Do not water frequently, Medium, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
Soil Type
Loam
Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune regularly, Prune to control growth
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
-
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
-
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Butterflies, Insects
Butterflies
Allergy
-
Arthritis, Asthma, Chest Pain, Itchiness, Whooping Cough
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Headache, Rheumatism, Stomach pain
Arthritis, Gallbladder Diseases, Itching, Jaundice, Joint pain, Kidney problems, Liver problems, Metabolic disorders, Sore throat, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Root
Flowers, Root
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Economic Purpose, Employed in herbal medicine, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for flavoring in Liquors, dairy products, gelatins,puddings, meats, candies, etc., Used for fragrance
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Mixed Border, Water Gardens, Wildflower
Bedding Plant, Bonsai, Container, Edible, Herb
Botanical Name
LOBELIA cardinalis
Purpletop Vervain
Common Name
Cardinal Flower
Verbena
In Hindi
Cardinal Flower
verbena
In German
Cardinal Flower
Eisenkraut
In French
Cardinal Flower
verveine
In Spanish
Cardinal Flower
Verbena
In Greek
Καρδινάλιος λουλούδι
λουίζα
In Portuguese
Cardinal Flower
verbena
In Polish
Cardinal Flower
werbena
In Latin
Cardinalis Flower
Grindelia
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Asterales
Lamiales
Family
Lobeliaceae
Verbenaceae
Genus
Lobelia
Verbena
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Lobelioideae
-
Number of Species
56250
1
27800
👆🏻