Life Span
Annual
  
Annual
  
Type
Perennial
  
Grass
  
Origin
North America, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, South-Central United States, Canada
  
Hybrid origin
  
Types
Herbaceous perennial
  
Not available
  
Habitat
Lakes, Pastures, Prairies, Roadsides, Swamps, Woodlands
  
Cultivated Beds, Riverbanks
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-9
  
8-11
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
  
12 - 8
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Red, Crimson, Dark Red
  
Non Flowering Plant
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Brown
  
Sandy Brown, Tan
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
  
Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
  
Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Purple, Dark Green, Burgundy
  
Green, Gold
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Lanceolate
  
Long slender
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Summer
  
Summer, Fall
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun
  
Growth Rate
Medium
  
Very Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loam
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Poorly Drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
  
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Salt
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Divison, Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Low
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Medium
  
Average Water Needs
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Poorly Drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Soil test crop response correlation (STCR) based integrated fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Bacterial leaf spot, Curvularia blotch, Downy mildew, Rust
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Salt
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
  
Not Available
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Butterflies, Insects
  
Birds
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Removes pimples
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Food for animals, Food for birds
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Headache, Rheumatism, Stomach pain
  
Antioxidants, Appetizer, Heart problems, Tonic
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves, Root
  
Fruits, Seeds
  
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Showy Purposes
  
Animal Feed, Fibre, Food for animals
  
Used As Indoor Plant
Yes
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Mixed Border, Water Gardens, Wildflower
  
Bedding Plant, Container, Dried Flower/Everlasting, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
  
Botanical Name
LOBELIA cardinalis
  
PENNISETUM glaucum
  
Common Name
Cardinal Flower
  
Millet, Pearl Millet
  
In Hindi
Cardinal Flower
  
बाजरा
  
In German
Cardinal Flower
  
Perlhirse
  
In French
Cardinal Flower
  
Perle Millet
  
In Spanish
Cardinal Flower
  
El mijo perla
  
In Greek
Καρδινάλιος λουλούδι
  
μαργαριτάρι Κεχρί
  
In Portuguese
Cardinal Flower
  
milheto
  
In Polish
Cardinal Flower
  
Pearl Millet
  
In Latin
Cardinalis Flower
  
Pearl milium
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Liliopsida
  
Order
Asterales
  
Cyperales
  
Family
Lobeliaceae
  
Poaceae
  
Genus
Lobelia
  
Pennisetum
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Paniceae
  
Subfamily
Lobelioideae
  
Panicoideae