Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Herbs
Tree
Origin
Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean, Turkey, Western Asia
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, North-Central United States, Central United States, Western United States, Northwestern United States, Alaska, Canada
Types
Herb
-
Number of Varieties
32
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Forest margins, Thickets
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Clump-Forming
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
50.80 cm370.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
25.40 cm430.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown, Sandy Brown
Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Yellow, Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Compound
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Divison, Seedlings, Transplanting
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Medium
Do Not over Water, Keep ground moist
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Prune after flowering, Remove dead flowers
Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
Self-fertile
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Leafhoppers, Root Pathogen, Stem rot
Bacterial leaf spot, Cane Spot, fungus, Powdery mildew, Viruses
Plant Tolerance
Light Frost, Shade areas, Variety of soil types
-
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
Sometimes
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Bugs
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Food for birds, soil erosion prevension on hill slopes, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Appetite enhancer, Bloating, Digestion problems, Digestive, Heartburn, Menstrual Cramps, Stomach spasms
Cold, Fever
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Root, Seeds
Whole plant
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used As Food, Used in flavouring curries, teas
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
Screening / Wind Break
Botanical Name
CARUM carvi
Sambucus racemosa
Common Name
Caraway, meridian fennel, Persian cumin
Red Elderberry, Red-berried Elderberry
In Hindi
शाहजीरा
Red Elderberry
In German
Kümmel
Rote Holunder
In French
carvi
Red sureau
In Spanish
alcaravea
La baya del saúco roja
In Greek
κύμινο
κόκκινο Elderberry
In Portuguese
alcaravia
Red Elderberry
In Polish
kminek
Red Elderberry
In Latin
Caraway
pubens
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Apiales
Dipsacales
Family
Apiaceae
Caprifoliaceae
Genus
Carum
Sambucus
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
207
1
27800
👆🏻