Life Span
Perennial
Annual and Perennial
Type
Perennial
Tender Perennial
Origin
Europe
Eastern Africa
Types
Linaria purpurea, Linaria maroccana, Linaria dalmatica
-
Number of Varieties
15015
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dappled Shade, hedge rows, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
Rocky Ridges, Shores of rivers or lakes, Tropical Climate, tropical environments
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-911-12
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
7-1
Sunset Zone
-
H1, 23, 24
Habit
Spreading
Cushion/Mound-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
75.00 cm25.40 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Orange, Light Yellow, Ivory
Purple, Violet
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green, Tan
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Simple lobed or unlobed
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Seedlings, stem tip cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Keep ground moist, Keep the Soil well drained, Medium, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Pinch Tips, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Grey mold, Leaf spot, Mites, Root rot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Wildlife
Butterflies, Flying insects, Hummingbirds
Allergy
Toxic
Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Bouquets, Cut Flowers, Decorating walls, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes, Used for decorating walls, fences, gates, hedges, etc.
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antiphlogistic, Astringent, Boils, cathartic, Diuretic, Enteritis, Homeopathy, Jaundice, Liver problems, Ophthalmic, Piles, Purgative, Skin Disorders
-
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Used as an insecticide, Used to make yellow dye
Used as Ornamental plant, Used for bedding in gardens
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Container, Edging, Houseplant, Tropical
Botanical Name
LINARIA vulgaris
EXACUM affine
Common Name
Common toadflax, Yellow toadflax, Butter-and-eggs
German Violet, Persian Violet
In Hindi
Butter and Eggs plant
persian violet
In German
Butter und Eier Pflanze
persian violet
In French
Beurre et œufs plante
persian violet
In Spanish
La mantequilla y la planta de huevos
Violeta persa
In Greek
Βούτυρο και φυτών Αυγά
Περσικό Violet
In Portuguese
Manteiga e Ovos planta
Violeta persa
In Polish
Masło i jajka roślin
Persian Violet
In Latin
Butyrum, ova , et herba
hyacinthum Persarum
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Scrophulariales
Gentianales
Family
Scrophulariaceae
Gentianaceae
Genus
Linaria
Exacum
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
Antirrhineae
Exaceae
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
15025
1
27800
👆🏻