Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Perennial
Perennial
Origin
Europe
Europe
Types
Linaria purpurea, Linaria maroccana, Linaria dalmatica
-
Number of Varieties
1506
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dappled Shade, hedge rows, Shady Edge, Sunny Edge, Woodland Garden
dry rocky watercourses
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-93-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
-
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23
Habit
Spreading
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
75.00 cm71.10 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.00 cm45.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Orange, Light Yellow, Ivory
Blue Violet, Lavender, Purple, White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Green, Tan
Green, Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green
Green, Sea Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Sea Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green
Green, Sea Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Simple lobed or unlobed
Lanceolate to elliptical
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Late Spring, Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Divison, Seedlings
Rhizome division
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Bacterial leaf spot, Billbugs, Borers, Fungal leaf spots
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Coarse
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Wildlife
Butterflies
Allergy
Toxic
Gastric disturbances, Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin, Skin Problems
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antiphlogistic, Astringent, Boils, cathartic, Diuretic, Enteritis, Homeopathy, Jaundice, Liver problems, Ophthalmic, Piles, Purgative, Skin Disorders
Juice of fresh root used for treatment of dropsy
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Root
Other Uses
Used as an insecticide, Used to make yellow dye
Making Perfumes, Used as a flavouring in food
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
-
Cutflower, Feature Plant, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
LINARIA vulgaris
Iris germanica
Common Name
Common toadflax, Yellow toadflax, Butter-and-eggs
German Iris
In Hindi
Butter and Eggs plant
German Iris
In German
Butter und Eier Pflanze
German Iris
In French
Beurre et œufs plante
German Iris
In Spanish
La mantequilla y la planta de huevos
German Iris
In Greek
Βούτυρο και φυτών Αυγά
German Iris
In Portuguese
Manteiga e Ovos planta
German Iris
In Polish
Masło i jajka roślin
German Iris
In Latin
Butyrum, ova , et herba
German Iris
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Liliopsida
Order
Scrophulariales
Asparagales
Family
Scrophulariaceae
Iridaceae
Genus
Linaria
Iris
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
Antirrhineae
Irideae
Subfamily
-
Iridoideae
Number of Species
150300
1
27800
👆🏻