Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
South Africa
-
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Ilex x 'Nellie R. Stevens'
Number of Varieties
661
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
Subtropical climates, Woodland Garden Secondary, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-126-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
-
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Clump-Forming
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm460.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm300.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Crimson
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Pinnate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Rooted stem cutting, Stem Cutting, stem tip cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Average Water Needs, Do not water frequently
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Leafminers, Mites, Nematodes, Red blotch, Root rot, Tar spot
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
Insignificant
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
-
Diarrhea, Mildly Toxic, Vomiting
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes, Used for making hedges
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
-
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Fruits
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Food for animals, Used for Landscaping
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Feature Plant, Foundation, Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
ILEX 'Nellie Stevens'
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Hindi
Bread Tree
Nellie Stevens Holly
In German
Brotbaum
Nellie Stevens Holly
In French
Bread Arbre
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Nellie Stevens Holly
In Latin
panis ligno
Nellie Stevens Holly
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
-
Class
Equisetopsida
-
Order
Cycadales
Aquifoliales
Family
Cycadaceae
Aquifoliaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Ilex
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
66600
1
27800
👆🏻