Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Palm or Cycad
Tree
Origin
South Africa
Canada, Mid-Atlantic United States, North America, North-Central United States, Southeastern United States
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
Purple Glory dogwood, Cherokee Chief dogwood, Cherokee Daybreak dogwood
Number of Varieties
664
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
foothill woods, gardens, Near ponds, Wet Woods, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-125-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
8-1
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6
Habit
Clump-Forming
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
290.00 cm550.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm490.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
-
White, Ivory
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Purple, Black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Burgundy
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Bright direct sunlight, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Cold climate, Soil Compaction
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, occasional watering once established
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Moist, Well drained
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune once the plant is tall enough
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Fertilize in early spring, Mulch
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Crown rot, Leaf spot, Red blotch, Whiteflies
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Humidity, Light Frost
Flowers
Insignificant
Showy
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Bold
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds, Butterflies, Hummingbirds, Squirrels
Allergy
-
allergic conjunctivitis, Headache, Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
For treating wrinkles, Makes teeth white, Making cosmetics, Skin cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
Forms dense stands, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, soil stabilisation
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Antibiotic, Appetite enhancer, Cough, Diuretic, Emollient, Weight loss
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
Bark, Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Application in Handicrafts, Decoration Purposes, Grown for shade, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
Edging, Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
Cornus florida
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
Flowering dogwood
In Hindi
Bread Tree
flowering dogwood
In German
Brotbaum
Wechselblättriger Hartriegel
In French
Bread Arbre
Cornus florida
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
Cornus florida
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
Cornus florida
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
Cornus florida
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
Cornus florida
In Latin
panis ligno
Cornus florida
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Cycadales
Cornales
Family
Cycadaceae
Cornaceae
Genus
Encephalartos
Cornus
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
6660
1
27800
👆🏻