Life Span
Biennial
  
Annual
  
Type
Palm or Cycad
  
Vegetable
  
Origin
South Africa
  
Southern Europe, Western Europe, Mediterranean
  
Types
Alexandria cycad, Encephalartos caffer, Encephalartos concinnus
  
Calabrese broccoli, Sprouting broccoli,
Purple cauliflower
  
Habitat
Riverbanks, Rocky areas, Scrubs
  
agricultural areas, Cold Regions
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-12
  
Not Available
  
AHS Heat Zone
12-8
  
6-1
  
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Upright/Erect
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Not Available
  
Yellow
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
  
Green, Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
  
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
  
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
  
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
  
Oval
  
Thorns
Yes
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Slow
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer
  
Spring, Late Spring, Early Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Needs very little water
  
Do not let dry out between waterings
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Neutral
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
  
No pruning needed
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Apply 10-10-10 amount, fertilize in growing season
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Black root rot, Cabbage looper, Red blotch
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Shade areas, Shallow soil
  
Flowers
Insignificant
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Not Available
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Bold
  
Coarse
  
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Birds, Not Available
  
Moths, Rats, Squirrels
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Diarrhea, Throat itching
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
  
Bonsai
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Glowing Skin, Making cosmetics, Skin Problems
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree, Windbreak
  
Air purification, Very little waste
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Not Available
  
Cures constipation, Diabetes, Digestive disorders, Obesity
  
Part of Plant Used
Leaves, Seeds, Stem
  
Flowers, Leaf Stalks
  
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
  
Showy Purposes
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Mixed Border, Tropical
  
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable
  
Botanical Name
ENCEPHALARTOS altensteinii
  
BRASSICA oleracea 'De Cicco'( Italica Group)
  
Common Name
Bread Tree, Prickly Cycad
  
Broccoli
  
In Hindi
Bread Tree
  
ब्रोकली
  
In German
Brotbaum
  
Brokkoli
  
In French
Bread Arbre
  
Brocoli
  
In Spanish
Árbol del pan
  
Brócoli
  
In Greek
ψωμί Δέντρο
  
μπρόκολο
  
In Portuguese
Árvore de pão
  
brócolis
  
In Polish
chleb Drzewo
  
brokuły
  
In Latin
panis ligno
  
Brocoli
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Equisetopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Cycadales
  
Capparales
  
Family
Cycadaceae
  
Brassicaceae
  
Genus
Encephalartos
  
Brassica
  
Clade
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available