Life Span
Annual
  
Perennial
  
Type
Flowering Plants
  
Flowering Plants, Shrubs, Vegetable
  
Origin
Southeastern Asia
  
Mediterranean
  
Types
Not Available
  
Belgian Endive, Red Belgian Endive, Curly Endive (a.k.a. Frisee), Escarole, Radicchio (Chioggia) and Radicchio (Chioggia)
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Humid climates, Subtropical climates, tropical environments
  
Grassland, Mediterranean region, Wild
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
2-11
  
3-9
  
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 4
  
9-1
  
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Clump-Forming
  
Clump-Forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
White, Blue, Purple, Pink, Light Blue, Dark Blue, Lavender
  
Blue
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Applicable
  
Fruit Color
Tan
  
Brown
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
  
Green
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Acuminate
  
Oblong
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Summer
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Well drained
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Indeterminate
  
Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
Yes
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
  
Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Do not water excessively, Water Deeply, Water in morning to avoid prompting diseases, Water in the early morning hours
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Prefer drip-irrigation instead of Over-head watering, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Loamy, Sandy
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Part sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun, Part sun
  
Pruning
Cut or pinch the stems, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Cut or pinch the stems, Prune prior to new growth, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Disease free, Fungal Diseases, Fungal leaf spots, fungus, Pest Free, Red blotch
  
Aphids, Loopers, Root rot, Viruses, Worms
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought, Moisture, Pests and diseases, Shade areas
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Not Available
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Medium
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Not Available
  
Butterflies
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Borders
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Not Available
  
Cancer, Digestive disorders, Inflammation, Liver problems, Stomach pain
  
Part of Plant Used
Not Available
  
Leaves, Root
  
Other Uses
Not Available
  
Used as an ingredient in coffee
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Cottage garden, Edging, Flower borders
  
Not Available
  
Botanical Name
TORENIA fournieri
  
Cichorium intybus
  
Common Name
Bluewings, Florida Pansy, Wishbone Flower
  
Blue daisy, blue dandelion, blue sailors, blue weed, bunk, coffeeweed, cornflower, hendibeh, horseweed, ragged sailors, succory, wild bachelor's buttons, and wild endive
  
In Hindi
Bluewings
  
कासनी
  
In German
Bluewings
  
Chicoree
  
In French
Bluewings
  
chicorée
  
In Spanish
Bluewings
  
achicoria
  
In Greek
Bluewings
  
ραδίκι
  
In Portuguese
Bluewings
  
chicória
  
In Polish
Bluewings
  
cykoria
  
In Latin
Bluewings
  
pancratium
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Lamiales
  
Asterales
  
Family
Linderniaceae
  
Asteraceae
  
Genus
Torenia
  
Cichorium
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Cichorieae
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Cichorioideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available