Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Tree
Origin
Northeastern United States, North-Central United States, Alaska, Canada
India, Nepal, China
Types
Oriental spruce, Bog spruce, Weeping spruce
Betula utilis
Number of Varieties
82
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Moist Soils, Slopes, Swamps, Well Drained
Mountains
USDA Hardiness Zone
1-65-7
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
6-1
7-5
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17
Habit
Narrow Upright/Fastigiate
Pyramidal
Plant Size
Minimum Height
3,000.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm760.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Tan, Brown
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Pink
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Sea Green, Blue Green, Gray Green
Yellow green
Leaf Color in Summer
Blue Green, Gray Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Blue Green, Gray Green
Yellow
Leaf Color in Winter
Blue Green, Gray Green, Dark Green
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Needle like
Cordiform
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
-
Early Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
Grafting, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Average Water
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Pinch Tips, Remove crossing or rubbing branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Fertilize in early spring, Fertilize in late fall, slow-release fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Honey fungus, Leaves with brown tip, Phytophthora Root Rot, Powdery mildew, Verticillium Wilt
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Dry Conditions, waterlogging, Wet Site
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Dermatitis
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Weightloss
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Shadow Tree
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
anti-inflammatory, Disinfectant, Kidney problems, Odontalgic, Poultice, Salve, Stomachic, tuberculosis, Vulnerary
anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, Antioxidants, Antiseptic, Carminative
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Inner Bark, Seeds
Bark, Leaves
Other Uses
Disinfectant, Gum, Paper pulp, Pitch, String, Used as a dye, Used in paper industry, Waterproofing
Used in construction, Wood is used in construction
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bog Garden, Screening, Wind Break
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
PICEA mariana
BETULA utilis
Common Name
Black Spruce, Bog Spruce, Swamp Spruce
Himalayan Birch
In Hindi
Black Spruce Tree
हिमालय सन्टी
In German
Schwarz Fichte
Himalaya-Birke
In French
Noir Épicéa
bouleau de l'Himalaya
In Spanish
Negro árbol de abeto
abedul del Himalaya
In Greek
Μαύρο Spruce Tree
Himalayan σημύδας
In Portuguese
Árvore Spruce Preto
bétula Himalaia
In Polish
Czarny Świerk Drzewo
Himalayan brzoza
In Latin
Niger abiegnis
Birch Himalayan
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Coniferophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Fagales
Family
Pinaceae
Betulaceae
Genus
Picea
Betula
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
Pinoideae
-
Number of Species
3530
1
27800
👆🏻