Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Cactus
Origin
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Southern Africa
Types
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Firesticks, Old Man's Beard
Number of Varieties
72
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
Desert, Hilly upland habitat, Semi desert
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-1510-13
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 1
12-10
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm610.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Lemon yellow
Yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red, Green, Light Green
Red, Red orange
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Dark Green
Light Green, Yellow green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green, Dark Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green, Dark Green
Red, Light Green, Orange Red
Shape
Leaf Shape
Circular cordate
Tiny
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
-
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Pollution, Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Leaf Cutting, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
Needs good drainage, Water less during winter, Water more in summer
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
-
Insignificant
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Bold
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
-
Allergy
Oral Allergy
Eye irritation, Numb Lips
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Mixed Border, Ornamental use, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Blackheads
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Antiasthamatic, anti-cancer, Antitumor, Cough, Ear ache
Part of Plant Used
Dried seeds
Branch, Latex, Root
Other Uses
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used as firewood, Used as Ornamental plant
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Container, Feature Plant, Rock Garden, Wall, Tropical
Botanical Name
Piper nigrum
EUPHORBIA tirucalli
Common Name
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
aveloz, firestick plants, Indian tree spurge, naked lady, pencil tree, pencil cactus, sticks on fire, milk bush, Euphorbia tirucalli
In Hindi
काली मिर्च
Sher-kandvel
In German
Pfeffer
Bleistiftstrauch
In French
Piper nigrum
Aveloz
In Spanish
Poivrier noir
Pencil Plant
In Greek
μαύρο πιπέρι
Aveloz
In Portuguese
Pimenta-preta
avelós
In Polish
Pieprz czarny
Aveloz
In Latin
nigrum piperis
Aveloz
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Piperales
Euphorbiales
Family
Piperaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Genus
Piper
Euphorbia
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Euphorbieae
Subfamily
-
Euphorbioideae
Number of Species
11001
1
27800
👆🏻