Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Shrub
Origin
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Southeastern Asia, India
Types
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Orange, Dark Red (Ratan aboli), Yellow, Delhi Crossandra , Arka Ambara, Arka Kanaka (IIHR varieties)
Number of Varieties
76
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
Screen Cottage and Informal Garden, Urban areas, Wild
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-1510-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 1
10-9
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm40.60 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm25.40 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Lemon yellow
Orange, Orange Red
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Red, Green, Light Green
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Circular cordate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
-
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
-
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Cuttings, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
Water daily during growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead flowers, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Balanced liquid fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
Allergy
Oral Allergy
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beautification, Bouquets, Cottage Garden, Ground Cover, Hanging Basket, Landscape Designing, Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Blackheads
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Agroforestry
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Antibacterial, Aphrodisiac, Bronchitis, Cough, Liver problems, Menstrual Disorders
Part of Plant Used
Dried seeds
Flowers, Leaves
Other Uses
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Basketary, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Container, Cutflower, Hedges, Tropical
Botanical Name
Piper nigrum
CROSSANDRA infundibuliformis
Common Name
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
Crossandra, firecracker flower
In Hindi
काली मिर्च
Crossandra
In German
Pfeffer
Crossandra
In French
Piper nigrum
Crossandra
In Spanish
Poivrier noir
Crossandra
In Greek
μαύρο πιπέρι
Crossandra
In Portuguese
Pimenta-preta
Crossandra
In Polish
Pieprz czarny
Crossandra
In Latin
nigrum piperis
Crossandra
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Piperales
Scrophulariales
Family
Piperaceae
Acanthaceae
Genus
Piper
Crossandra
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
110052
1
27800
👆🏻