Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Cactus or Succulent
Origin
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Northern Africa, South Africa
Types
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Xanthium strumarium canadense, Xanthium strumarium glabratum, Xanthium strumarium strumarium
Number of Varieties
73
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
Clay soil areas, Farms, Roadsides
USDA Hardiness Zone
8-15-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12 - 1
12-10
Sunset Zone
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
180.00 cm5.10 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
60.00 cm15.20 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Lemon yellow
Yellow, Red, Burgundy
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red, Green, Light Green
Brown, Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Light Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green, Dark Green
Green, Blue Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Circular cordate
Egg-shaped
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Fast
Slow
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
-
Summer, Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Drought
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Bold
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
-
Allergy
Oral Allergy
Skin irritation
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
-
Beauty Benefits
Acne, Blackheads
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Analgesic, Antibacterial, Antispasmodic, Diuretic
Part of Plant Used
Dried seeds
Leaves, Root
Other Uses
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Houseplant, Rock Garden, Wall
Botanical Name
Piper nigrum
Xanthium strumarium
Common Name
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
Cocklebur
In Hindi
काली मिर्च
cocklebur
In German
Pfeffer
Klette
In French
Piper nigrum
cocklebur
In Spanish
Poivrier noir
cadillo
In Greek
μαύρο πιπέρι
ήρα
In Portuguese
Pimenta-preta
kokklevor
In Polish
Pieprz czarny
kokklevor
In Latin
nigrum piperis
kokklevor
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Piperales
Asterales
Family
Piperaceae
Asclepiadaceae
Genus
Piper
Xanthium
Clade
Angiosperms, Monocots
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Heliantheae
Subfamily
-
Asteroideae
Number of Species
1100200
1
27800
👆🏻