Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Aquatics
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
Australia
Types
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Marsilea quadrifolia, Marsilea hirsuta
Number of Varieties
404
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Hills, Moist Soils
Bog Garden, Cultivated Beds
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-99-11
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
12-9
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Mat-forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
2,133.60 cm10.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
762.00 cm30.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Black
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Four wedge-shaped leaflets
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Poorly Drained
Bloom Time
Spring
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Wet Site
Where to Plant?
Ground
Container, Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Spores
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
Needs very little water
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Poorly Drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Organic Manure
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Clover Clot
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Drought
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
-
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Frogs
Allergy
-
Beriberi, Toxic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Ground Cover
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Fixes Nitrogen
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Astringent
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Seeds, Spores
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Used like flour, Used to make dough
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Container, Houseplant, Tropical, Water Gardens
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
MARSILEA drummondii
Common Name
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
Common Nardoo, Pepperwort, Water Clover
In Hindi
काले बर्च वृक्ष
Water Clover
In German
Schwarze Birke
Wasser Klee
In French
Noir Bouleau
Eau Clover
In Spanish
Negro del árbol de abedul
Agua trébol
In Greek
Μαύρο Birch Tree
νερό Clover
In Portuguese
Bétula Preto
Clover água
In Polish
Czarny Brzoza
Woda Clover
In Latin
Niger Caerulus
Trifolium aqua
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Pteridophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Filicopsida
Order
Fagales
Hydropteridales
Family
Betulaceae
Marsileaceae
Genus
Betula
Marsilea
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
-
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
404
1
27800
👆🏻