Life Span
Biennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Tree
  
Flowering Plants
  
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
  
Asia, Europe
  
Types
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
  
American Lily of the Valley, European Lily of the Valley, Japanese Lily of the valley.
  
Habitat
Hills, Moist Soils
  
Banks, Broad-Leaved Forests, coppices, Dry and Young forest Heaths, Forest margins, Ridges, Rocky Ridges
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-9
  
4-8
  
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
  
9-1
  
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
  
Habit
Oval or Rounded
  
Mat-forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Minimum Height
2,133.60 cm
  
20
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
  
Pink, White
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Black
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
  
Dark Green, Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
  
Green, Yellow green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
  
Bell Shaped
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Fall, Spring, Summer
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Part sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Fast
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
  
Moist, Well drained
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Not Available
  
Bloom Time
Spring
  
Late Spring, Spring
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Container, Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings
  
From Rhizomes, Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged, Requires a lot of watering, Water twice a day in the initial period, Water when soil is dry
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
  
Moist, Well drained
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Not Available
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Part sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
  
Do not prune during shooting season, Prune after harvesting, Prune in late summer or fall, Prune to stimulate growth, Remove deadheads
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Anthracnose, Aureobasidium leaf spot, Foliar nematode, Leaf spot, Mealybugs, Rust, Southern blight
  
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Showy
  
Yes
  
Flower Petal Number
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
Not Available
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
Yes
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Coarse
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Not Available
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Not Available
  
Attracts
Ants, Aphids, Birds, Not Available
  
Bees
  
Allergy
Not Available
  
Headache, Nausea, Vomiting
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beautification, Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
  
Chest pain, Swelling
  
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Leaves, Sap
  
Flowers, Leaves, Root
  
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
  
Air freshner, Cosmetics, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for fragrance
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
Yes
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
  
Bedding Plant, Bog Garden, Cutflower, Edging, Foundation, Mixed Border
  
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
  
Convallaria majalis
  
Common Name
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
  
Lily of the Valley
  
In Hindi
काले बर्च वृक्ष
  
कामुदिनी
  
In German
Schwarze Birke
  
Maiglöckchen
  
In French
Noir Bouleau
  
Lily of the Valley
  
In Spanish
Negro del árbol de abedul
  
Lirio de los valles
  
In Greek
Μαύρο Birch Tree
  
Κρίνος της κοιλάδας
  
In Portuguese
Bétula Preto
  
Lírio do Vale
  
In Polish
Czarny Brzoza
  
Lilia doliny
  
In Latin
Niger Caerulus
  
Lílium convállium
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Tracheophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Fagales
  
Asparagales
  
Family
Betulaceae
  
Asparagaceae
  
Genus
Betula
  
Convallaria
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Angiosperms, Monocots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Nolinoideae
  
Number of Species
Not Available