Life Span
Biennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Tree
Origin
Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States
North America
Types
Yellow Birch, Paper Birch, River Birch
Bergmann's Elm, Chestnut-leafed Elm, Hangzhou Elm
Number of Varieties
40175
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Hills, Moist Soils
Woodland Garden Canopy
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-93-9
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9-1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Upright/Erect
Plant Size
Minimum Height
2,133.60 cm3,900.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
762.00 cm3,700.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Brown
Green
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Black
Tan
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Light Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Light Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Light Yellow, Tan
Light Yellow
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Loam
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Average
Bloom Time
Spring
Early Spring
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site, Pollution, Soil Compaction
Pollution
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Seedlings
Budding, Grafting, Seedlings, Semi-hardwood cuttings, Softwood cuttings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season, Water daily during growing season, Water Deeply, Water more frequently during periods of extreme drought
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Remove branches, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove hanging branches
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove dead or diseased plant parts, Remove deadheads
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, fertilize twice a year, Nitrogen
Complete balanced fertilizer, fertilize in spring
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Pollution, Soil Compaction, Wet Site
Pollution
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Ants, Aphids, Birds
Birds, Butterflies
Allergy
-
Pollen
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
-
Beauty Benefits
Good for skin
Good for skin and hair
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree, Shelter for wildlife, Wildlife
Air purification, Nesting sites for birds, Shadow Tree
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, Arthritis, Boils, bowel syndrome, Combats Stress, Diarrhea, Dysentry, Heart problems, Kidney Stones, Osteoarthritis, Skin Disorders, Urinary tract problems
Antispasmodic, Astringent, Birthing aid, Haemostatic, Salve
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Leaves, Sap
Bark, Fibre, Leaves
Other Uses
Medicinal oil, Used as essential oil
Container, String, Used for woodware, Used in paper industry
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Shade Trees
Feature Plant, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Botanical Name
BETULA nigra 'Studetec'
ULMUS americana 'Augustine'
Common Name
Black Birch, River Birch, Tecumseh Compact River Birch
American Elm, Augustine Elm
In Hindi
काले बर्च वृक्ष
American Elm Tree
In German
Schwarze Birke
Amerikanische Ulme
In French
Noir Bouleau
Américaine Elm Tree
In Spanish
Negro del árbol de abedul
Olmo Americano Árbol
In Greek
Μαύρο Birch Tree
American Elm Tree
In Portuguese
Bétula Preto
Árvore de olmo americano
In Polish
Czarny Brzoza
Amerykańska Elm Tree
In Latin
Niger Caerulus
Latin ulmo
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Urticales
Family
Betulaceae
Ulmaceae
Genus
Betula
Ulmus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
406
1
27800
👆🏻