Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Flowering Plants
Shrub
Origin
South-Central United States
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Canada
Types
Penstemon digitalis, Penstemon barbatus, Penstemon heterophyllus
Red chokeberry, Purple chokeberry
Number of Varieties
2003
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Rocky areas
Anthropogenic, Boggy areas, Cliffs, Fens, Swamps, Terrestrial, Wet lands, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-83-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
12-1
8-1
Sunset Zone
No Available
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
Habit
Clump-Forming
Thicket/Colonizing
Plant Size
Minimum Height
30.00 cm182.88 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
30.50 cm182.88 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Purple
-
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
-
Purplish-black
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
-
Leaf Color in Summer
Green
-
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
-
Leaf Color in Winter
-
-
Shape
Leaf Shape
Long linear and narrow
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
-
Spring, Summer, Fall
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam
Clay, Loam
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Spring
Late Spring, Early Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
-
-
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
From bulbs
Cuttings, Divison, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season
Average Water Needs, Do Not over Water, Requires regular watering
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves
Prune after flowering, Remove branches that rub together, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves, Remove diseased branches by the tool's blades dipped into the alcohol solution
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Apply N-P-K
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
-
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
-
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
-
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
-
Sometimes
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Hummingbirds, Butterflies
-
Allergy
-
Anaphylaxis
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Showy Purposes
Beauty Benefits
-
Good for skin
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification, Food for birds, Wildlife
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
anti-cancer, Antioxidants, Cold
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Leaves
Fruits
Other Uses
Showy Purposes, Used as Ornamental plant
Pectin
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Rock Garden / Wall, Wildflower
Foundation, Mixed Border
Botanical Name
PENSTEMON cobaea
ARONIA melanocarpa
Common Name
Beardtongue
Black Chokeberry
In Hindi
Beardtongue
Black Chokeberry Shrub
In German
Bartfaden
Schwarz Aronia Strauch
In French
beardtongue
Noir Chokeberry Arbuste
In Spanish
beardtongue
Chokeberry negro Arbusto
In Greek
Beardtongue
Μαύρο Chokeberry θάμνων
In Portuguese
Beardtongue
Chokeberry preto Arbusto
In Polish
Beardtongue
Krzew aronii
In Latin
ursus lingua
Lichen Frutex
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Equisetopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Rosales
Family
Scrophulariaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Penstemon
Aronia
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
-
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
2613
1
27800
👆🏻