Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Herbs
Broadleaf Evergreen, Vines
Origin
Europe, Middle Africa, Southern Africa, Southern Asia, Southeastern Asia
India, Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Southern Asia
Types
Holy basil-
Red pepper, Orange pepper
Number of Varieties
1607
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
-
Moist Soils, orchards, Temperate Regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
9-118-15
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
11-1
12 - 1
Sunset Zone
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
H1, H2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Clump-Forming
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
15.20 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
15.20 cm60.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White, Light Pink, Lavender
Lemon yellow
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
-
Red, Green, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Purple, Bronze
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Purple, Bronze
Light Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green, Purple, Bronze
Light Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Light Green
Light Green, Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Circular cordate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Very Fast
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer, Early Fall
-
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground, Pot
Container, Ground
How to Plant?
Transplanting
Seedlings, Stem Planting, Vegetative Reproduction
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires watering in the growing season, Water Deeply
Do Not over Water, Sprinkle water over foliage, Water every two or three days during warmer months
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Pruning
Don't prune in the fall, Prune regularly
A hard prune may be necessary if the plant becomes woody, Remove dead branches, Trim each shoot back to the first set of leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
10-10-10 diluted liquid fertilizer, All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Do not let fertilizers touch the leaves
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Aphids, Beetles, Root rot, Rust, Scab
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Heat Tolerance, Humidity, Salt and Soil Compaction
Flowers
Showy
-
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Aphids, Leafminer, Snails, Squirrels
Allergy
Respiratory problems, Runny nose, Skin rash, Vomiting
Oral Allergy
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Decorating walls
Beauty Benefits
-
Acne, Blackheads
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Fixes Nitrogen, Insect Repellent
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Cough, Cramps, Digestive disorders, Insomnia, Skin Disorders, Vomiting
Acid Reflux, Dysentry, Healthy teeth, Inflammation, Oral health
Part of Plant Used
Leaves
Dried seeds
Other Uses
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Used As Food, Used as a spice
Culinary use, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Used in herbal medicines
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Container, Edible, Herb / Vegetable, Mixed Border
Container, Feature Plant, Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Tropical
Botanical Name
OCIMUM basilicum 'Napoletano'
Piper nigrum
Common Name
Basil
Peppercorn, Piper, Black pepper
In Hindi
तुलसी
काली मिर्च
In German
Basilikum
Pfeffer
In French
basilic
Piper nigrum
In Spanish
albahaca
Poivrier noir
In Greek
βασιλικός
μαύρο πιπέρι
In Portuguese
manjericão
Pimenta-preta
In Polish
bazylia
Pieprz czarny
In Latin
ocimum
nigrum piperis
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Lamiales
Piperales
Family
Lamiaceae
Piperaceae
Genus
Ocimum
Piper
Clade
Asterids
Angiosperms, Monocots
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
-
Number of Species
1501100
1
27800
👆🏻