Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Fruits, Trees
Origin
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe
Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tropical Indomalaya
Types
Eastern Austrian Pine, Western Austrian Pine
Feronia limonia, Limonia acidissima
Number of Varieties
21
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Wet ground, Wet lands
Dry areas
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-8-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
-
Sunset Zone
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
-
Habit
Oval or Rounded
-
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm800.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm900.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Green
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
-
Fruit Color
Brown
Greyish Brown, Light Green
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Gray Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Ovate
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Autumn
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Rich
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Late Fall
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Layering
Budding, Layering, root cutting, Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Low
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Do not water excessively
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Rich
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Prune after harvesting, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
-
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Medium
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
-
Allergy
Asthma, Rash, Skin rash
Gastric
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Formal Garden, Used in parkland
-
Beauty Benefits
-
Good Cleanser
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
-
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Blood cleanser, Diabetes, Ear ache, Energy, Kidney problems, Liver Protection, Malaria, Respiratory Disorders, Snakebite
Part of Plant Used
Tree trunks
Fruits
Other Uses
Used as firewood, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Edible, Fruit Tree
Botanical Name
PINUS nigra
Limonia acidissima
Common Name
European Black Pine
Wood apple, monkey fruit, curd fruit
In Hindi
Austrian Pine
कबिट
In German
Schwarzkiefer
Indischer Holzapfel
In French
Pin noir d'Autriche
Kawista
In Spanish
pino salgareño
Kawista
In Greek
Η αυστριακή πεύκα
γλυκό ασβέστη
In Portuguese
Pinheiro-larício
Limonia
In Polish
Sosna czarna
Feronia słoniowa
In Latin
Austrian Pine
dulcis ad cinerem
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Sapindales
Family
Pinaceae
Rutaceae
Genus
Pinus
Limonia
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots
Tribe
-
Citreae
Subfamily
-
Aurantioideae
Number of Species
31
1
27800
👆🏻