Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Shrubs
Origin
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe
World/Pandemic
Types
Eastern Austrian Pine, Western Austrian Pine
Viola sororia, Viola odorata, Viola tricolor
Number of Varieties
2500
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Wet ground, Wet lands
gardens, Grassland, Prairies, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-8-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
9 - 1
Sunset Zone
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Oval or Rounded
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm15.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
610.00 cm12.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Green
White, Yellow, Red, Blue, Purple, Orange, Gold, Light Blue, Lavender
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Linear
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Medium
Fast
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Summer
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Layering
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
Allow soil to be completely dry in between waterings, Requires watering in the growing season, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Full Shade, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
-
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Fine
Fine
Foliage Sheen
-
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Butterflies
Allergy
Asthma, Rash, Skin rash
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Formal Garden, Used in parkland
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
-
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
-
Anti-oxidant, Asthma, Dermatitis
Part of Plant Used
Tree trunks
Flowers
Other Uses
Used as firewood, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
Culinary use, Making Perfumes
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Feature Plant
Botanical Name
PINUS nigra
VIOLA 'Gem Plum Antique'
Common Name
European Black Pine
Viola
In Hindi
Austrian Pine
Viola
In German
Schwarzkiefer
Viola
In French
Pin noir d'Autriche
Alto
In Spanish
pino salgareño
Viola
In Greek
Η αυστριακή πεύκα
Βιόλα
In Portuguese
Pinheiro-larício
Viola
In Polish
Sosna czarna
Altówka
In Latin
Austrian Pine
Viola
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Tracheophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Pinopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Pinales
Malpighiales
Family
Pinaceae
Violaceae
Genus
Pinus
Viola
Clade
-
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Violoideae
Number of Species
3600
1
27800
👆🏻