Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
  
Shrub
  
Origin
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe
  
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, North-Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
  
Types
Eastern Austrian Pine, Western Austrian Pine
  
not available
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Wet ground, Wet lands
  
Boggy areas, Fens, Fields, meadows, Swamps, Woodlands
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
4-8
  
4-9
  
AHS Heat Zone
8-1
  
8-4
  
Sunset Zone
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
  
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7
  
Habit
Oval or Rounded
  
Thicket/Colonizing
  
Plant Size
  
  
Minimum Height
1,220.00 cm
  
33
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Green
  
Not Available
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Not Available
  
Fruit Color
Brown
  
Red
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Linear
  
Oblovate
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Spring, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Growth Rate
Medium
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Average
  
Bloom Time
Summer
  
Late Spring
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground, Pot
  
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Layering
  
Divison, Seedlings
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
  
Soil Type
Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Average
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Prune after flowering, Prune in early spring, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, Fertilize every year, Mulch, Nitrogen
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Aphids, Apple Maggot, Fall Webworm, Red blotch, Scale
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Flowers
None
  
Showy
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Not Available
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Fine
  
Not Available
  
Foliage Sheen
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
No
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Birds
  
Birds
  
Allergy
Asthma, Rash, Skin rash
  
Not Available
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Formal Garden, Used in parkland
  
Showy Purposes
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Air purification
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Part of Plant Used
Tree trunks
  
Fruits
  
Other Uses
Used as firewood, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
  
Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
  
Cutflower, Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break
  
Botanical Name
PINUS nigra
  
ARONIA arbutifolia
  
Common Name
European Black Pine
  
Red Chokeberry
  
In Hindi
Austrian Pine
  
लाल Chokeberry
  
In German
Schwarzkiefer
  
Rote Apfelbeere
  
In French
Pin noir d'Autriche
  
Red Chokeberry
  
In Spanish
pino salgareño
  
rojo Chokeberry
  
In Greek
Η αυστριακή πεύκα
  
κόκκινο Chokeberry
  
In Portuguese
Pinheiro-larício
  
Red Chokeberry
  
In Polish
Sosna czarna
  
Red aronii
  
In Latin
Austrian Pine
  
arbutifolia
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Tracheophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Pinopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Pinales
  
Rosales
  
Family
Pinaceae
  
Rosaceae
  
Genus
Pinus
  
Aronia
  
Clade
Not Available
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available
  
Not Available