Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Tree
Broadleaf Evergreen
Origin
-
California
Types
-
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Number of Varieties
123
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
All sorts of environments
Foot Hills, low mountains, Woodlands
USDA Hardiness Zone
7-98-10
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-6
-
Sunset Zone
8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
21,22
Habit
Twisted/Contorted
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
460.00 cm180.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
240.00 cm120.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
White
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Red
Red, Orange Red
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
Green, Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Oval
Elliptic
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring, Late Spring, Fall, Late Fall, Early Winter
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought, Salt
Drought, Salt
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground
How to Plant?
Budding, Seedlings, Stem Cutting
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Allow to dry out slightly between watering, Average Water Needs
Does not require water in summer, Requires watering in the growing season
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Pruning
Cut leaves after fall, Cut upper 1/3 section when young to enhancegrowth, Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
-
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, fertilize in growing season
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Solid Fertilizers
Pests and Diseases
Aphids, Bacteria wilt, Fungal Diseases, Rats, Red blotch
Bacterial Diseases, Root Pathogen
Plant Tolerance
Dry soil, Salt and Soil Compaction, Shallow soil
Drought
Flowers
Showy
Showy
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Medium
Foliage Sheen
Matte
Glossy
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
Birds
Birds
Allergy
allergic conjunctivitis, Itchy eyes, Respiratory problems
Acidic
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Beautification, Hanging Basket, Showy Purposes
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
Beautiful Skin, Good for the Scalp, Moisturizing, Remove blemishes
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Absorbs greenhouse gases, Food for animals, Insect Repellent, Prevent Soil Erosion, Shadow Tree
Erosion control
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Acne, Dysentry, Nutritive, osteoporosis
Body Ache, Stomach pain
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Fruits, Leaves
Fruits, Leaves
Other Uses
Animal Feed, Application in Handicrafts, Biomass for fuel, Oil is used for aromatherapy
Decoration Purposes, Sauces
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Mixed Border
Mixed Border, Screening, Wind Break, Topiary, Bonsai, Espalier
Botanical Name
Arbutus menziesii
HETEROMELES arbutifolia
Common Name
Arbutus
Christmas Berry, California Holly
In Hindi
सदाबहार
Toyon
In German
Erdbeerbaum
Toyon
In French
arbousier
Toyon
In Spanish
Arbitus
Toyon
In Greek
κουμαριά
Toyon
In Portuguese
árbuto
Toyon
In Polish
mącznik
Toyon
In Latin
arbutus
Toyon
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliophyta
Class
-
Magnoliopsida
Order
Ericales
Rosales
Family
Ericaceae
Rosaceae
Genus
Arbutus
Heteromeles
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
Maleae
Subfamily
Arbutoideae
Amygdaloideae
Number of Species
86
1
27800
👆🏻