Life Span
Perennial
Annual
Type
Tree
Shrubs
Origin
North America, United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas, Mexico, Europe
World/Pandemic
Types
Carpinus caroliniana caroliniana, Carpinus caroliniana virginiana
Viola sororia, Viola odorata, Viola tricolor
Number of Varieties
2500
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
-
gardens, Grassland, Prairies, Tropical regions
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-9-9999
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
9-1
9 - 1
Sunset Zone
1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17
A1, A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Habit
Spreading
Clump-Forming
Plant Size
Minimum Height
610.00 cm15.20 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
1,070.00 cm12.70 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
Yellow, Yellow green
White, Yellow, Red, Blue, Purple, Orange, Gold, Light Blue, Lavender
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Brown
-
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Yellow, Yellow green, Orange Red
Green
Leaf Color in Winter
-
Light Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Pinnate
Oval
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Summer, Fall
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
Growth Rate
Slow
Fast
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Average
Well drained
Bloom Time
Spring
Indeterminate
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Wet Site
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground
Ground, Pot
How to Plant?
-
Seedlings
Plant Maintenance
Medium
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Requires regular watering
Allow soil to be completely dry in between waterings, Requires watering in the growing season, Water when soil is dry
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil Type
Clay, Loam
Clay, Loam
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
Well drained
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade, Full Shade
Full Shade, Partial shade, Partial Sun
Pruning
Requires very little pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
Canker, fungus
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Wet Site
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
-
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Glossy
Matte
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Butterflies
Allergy
-
-
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes, small hedge
Beautification
Beauty Benefits
Good for the Scalp, Stops hair loss
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
Air purification
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Anxiety, Bleeding, Cold, Cough, Cuts, Eye Infection, Fatigue, Fights Depression, Insomnia, Menstrual Disorders, Wounds
Anti-oxidant, Asthma, Dermatitis
Part of Plant Used
Whole plant
Flowers
Other Uses
Used as firewood, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for its medicinal properties, Used for woodware
Culinary use, Making Perfumes
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Hedges, Screening / Wind Break, Shade Trees, Street Trees
Feature Plant
Botanical Name
CARPINUS caroliniana
VIOLA 'Gem Plum Antique'
Common Name
American Hornbeam, Musclewood, blue-beech, Ironwood
Viola
In Hindi
अमेरिकी हानबीन
Viola
In German
Amerikanische Hainbuche
Viola
In French
Charme de Caroline
Alto
In Spanish
Carpinus caroliniana
Viola
In Greek
american γαύρο
Βιόλα
In Portuguese
Carpinus caroliniana
Viola
In Polish
Grab amerykański
Altówka
In Latin
american hornbeam
Viola
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fagales
Malpighiales
Family
Betulaceae
Violaceae
Genus
Carpinus
Viola
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
Tribe
-
-
Subfamily
-
Violoideae
Number of Species
2600
1
27800
👆🏻