Life Span
Perennial
  
Perennial
  
Type
Broadleaf Evergreen
  
Grass
  
Origin
United States, Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic United States, Southeastern United States, Central United States, South-Central United States, Texas
  
World/Pandemic, North America, Europe
  
Types
Ilex opaca laxiflora,Ilex opaca opaca
  
Lustrous Creeping Red Fescue, Rubra trichophylla, Rubra rubra
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Coastal sand dunes, moist forests, Swamps
  
Wide range of ecological site
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
5-9
  
2-7
  
AHS Heat Zone
Not Available
  
7 - 1
  
Sunset Zone
21,22
  
A2, A3, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Pyramidal
  
Mat-forming
  
Plant Size
  
  
Minimum Width
Not Available
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
White
  
Not Available
  
Flower Color Modifier
Bicolor
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Red
  
Non Fruiting Plant
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Green, Light Green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Green, Dark Green
  
Light Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green
  
Dark Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Dark Green
  
Tan
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oval Spiny Leaves
  
Grass like
  
Thorns
Yes
  
No
  
Plant Season
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Growth Rate
Slow
  
Medium
  
Type of Soil
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Average
  
Bloom Time
Late Spring
  
Early Summer, Summer, Late Summer
  
Repeat Bloomer
No
  
No
  
Tolerances
Salt
  
Not Available
  
Where to Plant?
Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Cuttings, Seedlings
  
From Rhizomes
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Average Water Needs, Drought Tolerant
  
Needs 2-3 times watering per week
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
  
Acidic, Neutral
  
Soil Type
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Clay, Loam, Sand
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Average
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
  
Full Sun, Partial Sun, Partial shade
  
Pruning
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
  
Prune grass to maintain level
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
fertilize in fall
  
Pests and Diseases
Red blotch
  
Billbugs, Dollar spot, Pythium blight, Red blotch, Red thread, White grubs
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Not Available
  
Flowers
Insignificant
  
Insignificant
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
Yes
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
No
  
Showy Foliage
Yes
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Medium
  
Fine
  
Foliage Sheen
Matte
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
No
  
Sometimes
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Birds
  
Bugs
  
Allergy
Mild Allergen
  
Asthma
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Landscape Designing
  
Ground Cover
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Edible Uses
No
  
No
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Erosion control, Wildlife
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Cold, epilepsy, Itching, Malaria, Pneumonia
  
No Medicinal Use
  
Part of Plant Used
Bark, Fruits, Leaves
  
Whole plant
  
Other Uses
Decoration Purposes, Used as a dyestuff, Used as Ornamental plant, Used in making tea
  
Used as Ornamental plant
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Feature Plant, Foundation, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
  
Edging, Groundcover, Lawns and Turf, Mixed Border, Rock Garden / Wall
  
Botanical Name
ILEX opaca
  
FESTUCA rubra
  
Common Name
Christmas Holly
  
Red Fescue
  
In Hindi
American Holly
  
Red Fescue
  
In German
American Holly
  
Rotschwingel
  
In French
American Holly
  
fétuque rouge
  
In Spanish
American Holly
  
festuca roja
  
In Greek
American Holly
  
κόκκινο Φεστούκα
  
In Portuguese
American Holly
  
Red festuca
  
In Polish
American Holly
  
Kostrzewa czerwona
  
In Latin
American Holly
  
Red Fescue
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Liliopsida
  
Order
Celastrales
  
Cyperales
  
Family
Aquifoliaceae
  
Poaceae
  
Genus
Ilex
  
Festuca
  
Clade
Angiosperms, Asterids, Eudicots
  
Angiosperms, Commelinids, Monocots
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available