Life Span
Perennial
Perennial
Type
Fruits, Trees
Needled or Scaled Evergreen
Origin
Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tropical Indomalaya
Eastern Europe, Southern Europe
Types
Feronia limonia, Limonia acidissima
Eastern Austrian Pine, Western Austrian Pine
Number of Varieties
12
0
40000
👆🏻
Habitat
Dry areas
Wet ground, Wet lands
USDA Hardiness Zone
-99994-8
0
99
👆🏻
AHS Heat Zone
-
8-1
Sunset Zone
-
A3, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
Habit
-
Oval or Rounded
Plant Size
Minimum Height
800.00 cm1,220.00 cm
0
3900
👆🏻
Minimum Width
900.00 cm610.00 cm
0
6350
👆🏻
Plant Color
Flower Color
White
Green
Flower Color Modifier
-
Bicolor
Fruit Color
Greyish Brown, Light Green
Brown
Leaf Color in Spring
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Fall
Green
Dark Green
Leaf Color in Winter
Gray Green
Dark Green
Shape
Leaf Shape
Ovate
Linear
Thorns
✔
✘
✔
✘
Plant Season
Autumn
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Growth Rate
Medium
Medium
Type of Soil
Rich
Loam, Sand
The pH of Soil
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Drainage
Well drained
Average
Bloom Time
Late Fall
Summer
Repeat Bloomer
✔
✘
✔
✘
Tolerances
Drought
Drought
Where to Plant?
Ground, Pot
Ground
How to Plant?
Budding, Layering, root cutting, Seedlings
Cuttings, Layering
Plant Maintenance
Low
Medium
Watering Plants
Watering Requirements
Do not water excessively
Average Water Needs
In Summer
Lots of watering
Lots of watering
In Spring
Moderate
Moderate
In Winter
Average Water
Average Water
Soil
Soil pH
Acidic, Neutral
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Soil Type
Rich
Loam, Sand
Soil Drainage Capacity
Well drained
Average
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial Sun
Full Sun
Pruning
Prune after harvesting, Remove dead or diseased plant parts
Remove damaged leaves, Remove dead branches, Remove dead leaves
Fertilizers
for fruiting plants, use high phosphorous content fertilizer
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
Pests and Diseases
-
Red blotch
Plant Tolerance
Drought
Drought
Flowers
✔
✘
✔
✘
Flower Petal Number
Single
Single
Fruits
Showy Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Edible Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrance
Fragrant Flower
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Fruit
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Leaf
✔
✘
✔
✘
Fragrant Bark/Stem
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Foliage
✔
✘
✔
✘
Showy Bark
✔
✘
✔
✘
Foliage Texture
Medium
Fine
Foliage Sheen
Matte
-
Evergreen
✔
✘
✔
✘
Invasive
✔
✘
✔
✘
Self-Sowing
✔
✘
✔
✘
Attracts
-
Birds
Allergy
Gastric
Asthma, Rash, Skin rash
Uses
Aesthetic Uses
-
Beautification, Cottage Garden, Formal Garden, Used in parkland
Beauty Benefits
Good Cleanser
-
Edible Uses
✔
✘
✔
✘
Environmental Uses
-
Air purification
Plant Benefits
Medicinal Uses
Blood cleanser, Diabetes, Ear ache, Energy, Kidney problems, Liver Protection, Malaria, Respiratory Disorders, Snakebite
-
Part of Plant Used
Fruits
Tree trunks
Other Uses
Used As Food, Used for its medicinal properties
Used as firewood, Used in construction, Used in Furniture, Used in pulpwood and lumber production, Wood is used for making furniture, Wood is used fore making tools, Wood is used in construction, Wood log is used in making fences
Used As Indoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Used As Outdoor Plant
✔
✘
✔
✘
Garden Design
Edible, Fruit Tree
Feature Plant, Screening, Wind Break, Shade Trees
Botanical Name
Limonia acidissima
PINUS nigra
Common Name
Wood apple, monkey fruit, curd fruit
European Black Pine
In Hindi
कबिट
Austrian Pine
In German
Indischer Holzapfel
Schwarzkiefer
In French
Kawista
Pin noir d'Autriche
In Spanish
Kawista
pino salgareño
In Greek
γλυκό ασβέστη
Η αυστριακή πεύκα
In Portuguese
Limonia
Pinheiro-larício
In Polish
Feronia słoniowa
Sosna czarna
In Latin
dulcis ad cinerem
Austrian Pine
Kingdom
Plantae
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Tracheophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Pinopsida
Order
Sapindales
Pinales
Family
Rutaceae
Pinaceae
Genus
Limonia
Pinus
Clade
Angiosperms, Eudicots
-
Tribe
Citreae
-
Subfamily
Aurantioideae
-
Number of Species
13
1
27800
👆🏻