Life Span
Annual
  
Annual or Biennial
  
Type
Flowering Plants
  
Vegetable
  
Origin
America, Europe
  
Europe, Asia
  
Types
Clump verbena, Moss verbena, Annual Verbena, Brazilian verbena, Sandpaper Verbana
  
April Cross, Cherry Belle, Sicily Giant
  
Number of Varieties
Not Available
  
Habitat
Forest edges, Hillside, Woods
  
Unknown
  
USDA Hardiness Zone
3-9
  
Not Available
  
AHS Heat Zone
Not Available
  
8-1
  
Sunset Zone
not available
  
A1, A2, A3, H1, H2, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
  
Habit
Not Available
  
Rosette/Stemless
  
Plant Size
  
  
Plant Color
  
  
Flower Color
Blue, Dark Purple, Light Purple, Red, White
  
White
  
Flower Color Modifier
Not Available
  
Bicolor
  
Fruit Color
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Leaf Color in Spring
Dark Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Summer
Dark Green, Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Fall
Dark Green, Green
  
Green
  
Leaf Color in Winter
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Shape
  
  
Leaf Shape
Oblovate
  
Spinach Type
  
Thorns
No
  
No
  
Plant Season
Early Spring, Late Autumn
  
Spring, Summer, Fall
  
Growing Conditions
  
  
Sunlight
Full Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun
  
Growth Rate
Fast
  
Very Fast
  
Type of Soil
Well drained
  
Loam
  
The pH of Soil
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
  
Neutral
  
Soil Drainage
Average
  
Well drained
  
Bloom Time
Early Fall, Early Summer, Fall, Late Spring, Late Summer, Summer
  
Indeterminate
  
Repeat Bloomer
Yes
  
No
  
Tolerances
Not Available
  
Drought
  
Where to Plant?
Container, Ground
  
Ground
  
How to Plant?
Seedlings, Stem Planting
  
From bulbs
  
Plant Maintenance
Medium
  
Medium
  
Watering Plants
  
  
Watering Requirements
Do not water frequently, Medium, Never Over-water, Requires regular watering, Requires watering in the growing season
  
Keep the ground moist but not water-logged
  
In Summer
Lots of watering
  
Lots of watering
  
In Spring
Moderate
  
Moderate
  
In Winter
Average Water
  
Average Water
  
Soil
  
  
Soil pH
Neutral, Slightly Acidic
  
Neutral
  
Soil Type
Well drained
  
Loam
  
Soil Drainage Capacity
Average
  
Well drained
  
Sun Exposure
Full Sun, Partial shade
  
Full Sun
  
Pruning
Prune for shortening long shoots, Prune if you want to improve plant shape, Prune lower leaves, Prune regularly, Prune to control growth
  
No pruning needed
  
Fertilizers
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer
  
All-Purpose Liquid Fertilizer, Compost, Fertilize the soil instead of direct applying
  
Pests and Diseases
Not Available
  
Alternaria leaf blight, Black root rot, Clubroot, Damping-off, Downy mildew, Fusarium wilt, Scab, white rust
  
Plant Tolerance
Drought
  
Drought
  
Flowers
Yes
  
Insignificant
  
Flower Petal Number
Single
  
Single
  
Fruits
  
  
Showy Fruit
No
  
No
  
Edible Fruit
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrance
  
  
Fragrant Flower
Yes
  
No
  
Fragrant Fruit
No
  
No
  
Fragrant Leaf
No
  
Yes
  
Fragrant Bark/Stem
No
  
Yes
  
Showy Foliage
Not Available
  
No
  
Showy Bark
No
  
No
  
Foliage Texture
Not Available
  
Coarse
  
Foliage Sheen
Not Available
  
Matte
  
Evergreen
No
  
No
  
Invasive
Not Available
  
No
  
Self-Sowing
Yes
  
Yes
  
Attracts
Butterflies
  
Beetles, Leafminer
  
Allergy
Arthritis, Asthma, Chest Pain, Itchiness, Whooping Cough
  
Headache, Itchiness, Skin rash, Stomach pain
  
Uses
  
  
Aesthetic Uses
Showy Purposes
  
Not Used For Aesthetic Purpose
  
Beauty Benefits
Not Available
  
Remove blemishes, Removes pimples
  
Edible Uses
Yes
  
Yes
  
Environmental Uses
Air purification
  
Not Available
  
Plant Benefits
  
  
Medicinal Uses
Arthritis, Gallbladder Diseases, Itching, Jaundice, Joint pain, Kidney problems, Liver problems, Metabolic disorders, Sore throat, Upset stomach, Urinary tract problems
  
Asthma, Bronchitis, Cancer, Cardiovascular problems, constipation, Dehydration, Detoxifies lever, Diabetes, Digestion problems, Fever, High blood pressure, Immunity, Insect Bites, Jaundice, Kidney problems, Leucoderma, Liver problems, Piles, Respiratory Disorders, Skin Disorders, Sore throat, Urinary tract problems, Vitamin C, Weight loss
  
Part of Plant Used
Flowers, Root
  
Leaves, Root
  
Other Uses
Air freshner, Can be made into a herbal tea, Cosmetics, Decoration Purposes, Economic Purpose, Employed in herbal medicine, Oil is used for aromatherapy, Oil is used in perfume, soaps, creams, etc., Showy Purposes, Used As Food, Used as Ornamental plant, Used for flavoring in Liquors, dairy products, gelatins,puddings, meats, candies, etc., Used for fragrance
  
Employed in herbal medicine, Used As Food
  
Used As Indoor Plant
No
  
No
  
Used As Outdoor Plant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Garden Design
Bedding Plant, Bonsai, Container, Edible, Herb
  
Edible, Herb, Vegetable
  
Botanical Name
Purpletop Vervain
  
RHAPHANUS sativus 'D'Avignon'
  
Common Name
Verbena
  
French radish,“French Breakfast” radish
  
In Hindi
verbena
  
फ्रेंच मूली
  
In German
Eisenkraut
  
Französisch Rettich
  
In French
verveine
  
radis français
  
In Spanish
Verbena
  
rábano francés
  
In Greek
λουίζα
  
Γαλλικά ραπανάκι
  
In Portuguese
verbena
  
rabanete Francês
  
In Polish
werbena
  
French Radish
  
In Latin
Grindelia
  
French radicula
  
Kingdom
Plantae
  
Plantae
  
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
  
Magnoliophyta
  
Class
Magnoliopsida
  
Magnoliopsida
  
Order
Lamiales
  
Capparales
  
Family
Verbenaceae
  
Brassicaceae
  
Genus
Verbena
  
Raphanus
  
Clade
Not Available
  
Angiosperms, Eudicots, Rosids
  
Tribe
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Subfamily
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Number of Species
Not Available